Sitona

Sitona
	Sitona macularius
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Family:	Curculionidae
Subfamily:	Entiminae
Tribe:	Sitonini
Genus:	Sitona; Germar, 1817
Species
	100+

Sitona is a large genus of weevils in the family Curculionidae native to the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions. Over 100 species have been described.^[2] Sitona is easily distinguished from related genera by flat, recumbent scales on the mandibles, by the absence of an oval scar on the mandibles, by short and broad rostrum with a deep, longitudinal, median groove, and by dense scales on the body.^[3]

Sitona specialize on legumes, plants of the family Fabaceae. The larvae eat the root nodules^[4] and the adults eat the leaves. Several species of Sitona are important agricultural pests of legumes, especially in its native regions and introduced populations in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.^[2]

Species include:

Sitona aliceae^[5]
Sitona aquilonius^[6]
Sitona bicolor
Sitona brucki
Sitona californius^[6]
Sitona concavirostris
Sitona crinitus
Sitona cylindricollis
Sitona demoflysi
Sitona desertus^[6]
Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal
Sitona fairmairei Allard, 1869
Sitona flavescens
Sitona fronto
Sitona hispidulus
Sitona lepidus Gyllenhal – clover root weevil
Sitona lineatus – pea leaf weevil
Sitona lineellus^[6]
Sitona maroccanus
Sitona planifrons
Sitona puncticollis
Sitona sulcifrons
Sitona syriacus
Sitona tanneri^[6]
Sitona vittatus^[6]
Sitona volkovitshi^[4]
Sitona wahrmani^[5]

References

^ Type species: Curculio lineatus Linnaeus, 1758 (= Sitona lineatus)
^ ^a ^b Velázquez de Castro, A. J.; et al. "Systematics of Sitonini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), with a hypothesis on the evolution of feeding habits" (PDF). Systematic Entomology (2007), 32, 312–331. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-06.
^ Donald E. Bright, Patrice Bouchard. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, Part 25: Coleoptera. Curculionidae. Entiminae. Weevils of Canada and Alaska. Vol. 2. Ottawa, NRC Research Press, 2008. ISBN 0-660-19400-7. P. 178-203.
^ ^a ^b Korortyaev, B. A. and A. J. Velázquez de Castro González. (2011). A new species of the weevil genus Sitona Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Mt. Hermon in Israel. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 315(1) 85-88.
^ ^a ^b Velázquez de Castro, A. J., et al. (2011). Sitonini (Curculionidae: Entiminae) of Israel. Israel Journal of Entomology 40 71-108.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Bright, D. E. (1994). "Revision of the Genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of North America". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 87 (3): 277–306. doi:10.1093/aesa/87.3.277.

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[1] Type species: Curculio lineatus Linnaeus, 1758 (= Sitona lineatus)

[vdc-2] Velázquez de Castro, A. J.; et al. "Systematics of Sitonini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), with a hypothesis on the evolution of feeding habits" (PDF). Systematic Entomology (2007), 32, 312–331. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-06.

[cce-3] Donald E. Bright, Patrice Bouchard. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, Part 25: Coleoptera. Curculionidae. Entiminae. Weevils of Canada and Alaska. Vol. 2. Ottawa, NRC Research Press, 2008. ISBN 0-660-19400-7. P. 178-203.

[kor-4] Korortyaev, B. A. and A. J. Velázquez de Castro González. (2011). A new species of the weevil genus Sitona Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Mt. Hermon in Israel. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 315(1) 85-88.

[vel-5] Velázquez de Castro, A. J., et al. (2011). Sitonini (Curculionidae: Entiminae) of Israel. Israel Journal of Entomology 40 71-108.

[bri-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Bright, D. E. (1994). "Revision of the Genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of North America". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 87 (3): 277–306. doi:10.1093/aesa/87.3.277.

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