Williams FJ44

FJ44
	A Williams FJ44-3ATW turbofan engine
Type	Turbofan
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Williams International
First run	1985
Major applications	Beechcraft Premier I ; Cessna CitationJet ; Piper PiperJet Altaire ; Saab 105 ; Grob G180 SPn ; Pilatus PC-24
Developed into	Williams FJ33

The Williams FJ44 is a family of small, two-spool, turbofan engines produced by Williams International for the light business jet market. Until the recent boom in the very light jet market, the FJ44 was one of the smallest turbofans available for civilian applications. Although basically a Williams design, Rolls-Royce was brought into the project at an early stage to design, develop, and manufacture an air-cooled high-pressure (HP) turbine for the engine. The FJ44 first flew on July 12, 1988 on the Scaled Composites/Beechcraft Triumph aircraft.

The Williams FJ33 is a newer, smaller engine based on the basic FJ44 design.

Development

Production started in 1992 with the 1,900 lbf (8.5 kN) thrust FJ44-1A. The FJ44-1C is derated to 1,500 lbf (6.7 kN). The uprated to 2,300 lbf (10 kN) FJ44-2A was introduced in 1997. The 2,820 lbf (12.5 kN) thrust FJ44-3A was introduced in 2004. In 2005, a new low end version, the FJ44-1AP, was introduced, with a 1,965 lbf (8.74 kN) takeoff thrust. Released in 2007 was the new 3,600 lbf (16 kN) thrust FJ44-4. In 2010 this engine was in use on the Cessna CJ4, and since 2018 also on the new Pilatus PC-24.

Design

The FJ44-1A has a single stage blisk fan plus a single intermediate pressure (IP) booster stage, both driven by a 2 stage low pressure (LP) turbine, and supercharging a single stage centrifugal high pressure (HP) compressor, driven by a single stage uncooled high pressure (HP) turbine. The combustor is an impingement cooled annular design. Fuel is delivered to the combustor through an unusual rotating fuel nozzle system, rather than the standard fuel-air mixers or vapourisers. The bypass duct runs the full length of the engine. The FJ44-2A has two additional booster compressor stages.

Variants

FJ44-1A: 1,900 lbf (8.5 kN) thrust, production started in 1992, 20.9 in (530 mm) diameter fan, SFC at full thrust at SLS, ISA is understood to be 0.456 lb/(hr lbf),
FJ44-1AP: 1,965 lbf (8.74 kN) takeoff thrust, introduced in 2005, 5% better specific fuel consumption, lower internal temperatures, similar to the -1A with a higher pressure ratio fan, a new combustor and LP turbine, a new full length bypass duct/exhaust mixer and a dual channel FADEC.^[2]
FJ44-1C: 1,500 lbf (6.7 kN) thrust, derated version of the FJ44-1A, SFC of 0.460 lb/lbf/h (46.9 kg/kN/h).^[3]^[4]
FJ44-2A: 2,300 lbf (10 kN) thrust, introduced in 1997, larger 21.7 in (550 mm) diameter fan, with two additional booster stages to increase core flow, centrifugal compressor throttled-back aerodynamically to a lower HPC pressure ratio than the -1, exhaust mixer and a fuel electronic control unit.^[5]
FJ44-2C: 2,400 lbf (11 kN) thrust, similar to the -2A with an integrated hydromechanical fuel control unit.
FJ44-3A: 2,820 lbf (12.5 kN) thrust, 2004 introduction, similar to the -2A with a larger fan and dual channel FADEC unit.^[6]
FJ44-3A-24: 2,490 lbf (11.1 kN) thrust, derated -3A.
FJ44-3AP: 3,000 lbf (13 kN) thrust.^[7]
FJ44-4A: 3,600 lbf (16 kN) thrust, released in 2007, hi-tech fan of larger diameter than the -3 unit.^[8] Used on the Cessna CJ4 and the Pilatus PC-24.
FJ44-4M
Williams-Rolls F129: Military designation for the derated FJ44-1C with 1,500 lbf (6.7 kN) thrust.

Applications

2,000 CitationJets have been delivered by June 2017^[9]

Variant	Application	Type	Deliveries
FJ44-1^[10]	Cessna CitationJet CJ1/CJ1+/M2	Business Jet	1993-
FJ44-1^[10]	SAAB Sk60	Jet Trainer	re-engine
FJ44-2^[11]	Beechcraft Premier 1A	Business Jet	2001-2012
	Cessna CitationJet CJ2	Business Jet	2000-2005
	Cessna Citation 501SP	Business Jet	re-engine^[a]
	Cessna Citation 550	Business Jet	re-engine^[b]
	Scaled Composites Proteus	Experimental	1998
	Syberjet SJ30	Business Jet	2007-2009
	Learjet 25	Business Jet	re-engine^[c]
	Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer	Experimental	2005
FJ44-3^[12]	Cessna CitationJet CJ2+/CJ3+	Business Jet	2004-
	Cessna Citation 550	Business Jet	re-engine^[d]
	Nextant 400XTi	Business Jet	re-engine
FJ44-4^[13]	Cessna CitationJet CJ4	Business Jet	2010-
	Hawker 400XPR	Business Jet	re-engine
	Pilatus PC-24	Business Jet	2018-
FJ44-4M	Aero L-39 Skyfox	Jet Trainer Light attack aircraft	2022-
not delivered^{[clarification needed]}	Alenia Aermacchi M-345	Jet Trainer	Under development
	Cessna 526 CitationJet^[e]	Jet Trainer	2 prototypes
	Eviation Jets EV-20 Vantage Jet	Business Jet	1 prototype
	Grob G180 SPn	Business Jet	4 prototypes
	Hawker 200	Business Jet	Cancelled
	Lockheed Martin Polecat	Drone	Crashed
	Lockheed Martin RQ-3 DarkStar	Drone	Cancelled
	Piper PA-47 PiperJet/Altaire	Business Jet	1 prototype
	Scaled Composites Triumph	Business Jet	1 prototype

Specifications

Type Certificate Data Sheet^[14]
Variant	FJ44-1AP^[15]	FJ44-2^[16]	FJ44-3^[17]	FJ44-4^[18]
Configuration	Twin-spool turbofan with 1-stage fan and annular combustor
LP compressor	1-stage axial	3-stage axial
HP compressor	1-stage centrifugal
Turbine	1-stage HP, 2-stage LP
Thrust	1,900–2,100 lbf (8.5–9.3 kN)	2,300–2,400 lbf (10.2–10.7 kN)	3,000 lbf (13.3 kN)	3,600 lbf (16.0 kN)
Weight	460 lb (209 kg)	520–530 lb (236–240 kg)	516–535 lb (234–243 kg)	658 lb (298 kg)
Length	41.4 in (105 cm)	47.2 in (120 cm)	48.0 in (122 cm)	52.8 in (134 cm)
Diameter	20.7 in (53 cm)	21.8 in (55 cm)	23.0 in (58 cm)	25.3 in (64 cm)

References

^ "Williams Imagines Future Concept". Flight International. 12 October 1985. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
^ FJ44-1AP Archived 2006-05-05 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07
^ FJ44-1 Archived 2006-05-05 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07
^ FJ44 for military trainer aircraft Archived 2007-03-11 at the Wayback Machine at defence.rolls-royce.com Archived 2006-04-28 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2006-05-07
^ FJ44-2 at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07
^ FJ44-3 Archived 2006-05-05 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07
^ Williams Fanjet Family, Accessed 2020-02-20
^ FJ44-4 Archived 2010-04-12 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2010-03-12
^ "Textron Aviation celebrates light jet leadership with 2,000th delivery for Cessna CJ family" (Press release). Textron Aviation. June 8, 2017.
^ "Airplanes with the FJ44-1 Engine". Williams International.
^ "Airplanes with the FJ44-2 Engine". Williams International.
^ "Airplanes with the FJ44-3 Engine". Williams International.
^ "Airplanes with the FJ44-4 Engine". Williams International.
^ "Type Certificate Data Sheet NO. E3GL" (PDF). FAA. October 4, 2018.
^ "FJ44-1AP". Williams International.
^ "FJ44-2". Williams International.
^ "FJ44-3". Williams International.
^ "FJ44-4". Williams International.

Notes

^ Sierra Industries FJ44 Stallion
^ Sierra Industries FJ44 Eagle II
^ SpiritWing
^ Sierra Industries Super II/S-II
^ as Williams-Rolls F129

External links

Williams International product page

[FlightGlobal_Archives-1] "Williams Imagines Future Concept". Flight International. 12 October 1985. Retrieved 6 April 2017.

[2] FJ44-1AP Archived 2006-05-05 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07

[3] FJ44-1 Archived 2006-05-05 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07

[4] FJ44 for military trainer aircraft Archived 2007-03-11 at the Wayback Machine at defence.rolls-royce.com Archived 2006-04-28 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2006-05-07

[5] FJ44-2 at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07

[6] FJ44-3 Archived 2006-05-05 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2006-05-07

[7] Williams Fanjet Family, Accessed 2020-02-20

[8] FJ44-4 Archived 2010-04-12 at the Wayback Machine at www.williams-int.com, Accessed 2010-03-12

[8jun2017PR-9] "Textron Aviation celebrates light jet leadership with 2,000th delivery for Cessna CJ family" (Press release). Textron Aviation. June 8, 2017.

[10] "Airplanes with the FJ44-1 Engine". Williams International.

[11] "Airplanes with the FJ44-2 Engine". Williams International.

[15] "Airplanes with the FJ44-3 Engine". Williams International.

[17] "Airplanes with the FJ44-4 Engine". Williams International.

[19] "Type Certificate Data Sheet NO. E3GL" (PDF). FAA. October 4, 2018.

[20] "FJ44-1AP". Williams International.

[21] "FJ44-2". Williams International.

[22] "FJ44-3". Williams International.

[23] "FJ44-4". Williams International.

[12] Sierra Industries FJ44 Stallion

[13] Sierra Industries FJ44 Eagle II

[14] SpiritWing

[16] Sierra Industries Super II/S-II

[18] s Williams-Rolls F129

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v t e United States military gas turbine aircraft engine designation system
Turbojets	J30 J31 J32 J33 J34 J35 J36 J37 XJ38 J39 J40 XJ41 J42 J43 J44 J45 J46 J47 J48 XJ49 J51 J52 J53 J54 J55 J56 J57 J58 J59 J60 J61 J63 J65 J67 J69 J71 J73 J75 J79 J81 J83 J85 J87 J89 J91 YJ93 J95 J97 J99 J100 YJ101 J102 J400 J401 J402 J403 J700
Turboprops/ Turboshafts	T30 T31 T33 T34 T35 T36 T37 T38 T39 T40 T41 T42 T43 T44 T45 T46 T47 T48 T49 T50 T51 T52 T53 T54 T55 T56 (variants) T57 T58 T60 T61 T62 T63 T64 T65 T66 T67 T68 T69 T70 T71 T72 T73 T74 T76 T78 T80 T100 T101 T400 T405 T406 T407 T408 T700 T701 T702 T703 T706 T708 LHTEC T800 APW T800 T900 T901
Turbofans	TF30 TF31 TF32 TF33 TF34 TF35 TF37 TF39 TF41 F100 F101 F102 F103 F104 F105 F106 F107 F108 F109 F110 F112 F113 F117 F118 F119 YF120 F121 F122 F124 F125 F126 F127 F128 F129 F130 F135 F136 F137 F138 F400 F401 F402 F404 F405 F408 F412 F414 F415
Adaptive cycle engines	XA100 XA101 XA102 XA103