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引	U+5F15, 引 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F15

← 弔
[U+5F14]

CJK Unified Ideographs

弖 →
[U+5F16]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

引 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓中 (NL), four-corner 1220₀, composition ⿰弓丨)

Derived characters

𠇁, 吲, 𡛅, 𢏄, 𢪉, 𪵰, 𣏖, 䏖, 𫸬, 䀕, 矧, 粌, 紖(纼), 𦙢, 蚓, 𠒒, 訠, 𮚵, 𧿯, 𨈧, 𮝅, 鈏, 靷, 𮡕, 𫙒
𭚭, 𫸷, 𠀓, 𬻏, 𡗵, 䒡, 䇙, 㽼

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9699
Dae Jaweon: page 672, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 988, character 5
Unihan data for U+5F15

Chinese

simp. and trad.		引

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 引
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (引) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
紖	*l'inʔ
矧	*hlinʔ
訠	*hlinʔ
弞	hlinʔ, linʔ
引	linʔ, lins
蚓	*linʔ
鈏	linʔ, lins
靷	linʔ, lins

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 弓 (“bow”) + 丨 (“line”) – the line radical represents a bow string which is pulled.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǐn (yin³)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yîn / yín

(Meixian, Guangdong): yin³
Eastern Min (BUC): īng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): íⁿ / ín

(Teochew, Peng'im): ing²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǐn
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǐn
  - Wade–Giles: yin³
  - Yale: yǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiin
  - Palladius: инь (inʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jan⁵
  - Yale: yáhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yín
  - Hakka Romanization System: in^ˊ / in^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yin¹ / yin³
  - Sinological IPA: /in²⁴/, /in³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yín
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)in^ˊ / (r)in^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yin¹ / yin³
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴/, /(j)in³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yin³
  - Sinological IPA: /in³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: īng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: íⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: ínn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: vie
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ín
  - Tâi-lô: ín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ien
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /in⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /in⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /in⁴¹/

Note:

íⁿ - vernacular;
ín - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ing²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: íng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yin
  - MiniDict: yin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/

Middle Chinese: yinX, yinH

Rime
Character	引	引
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	余忍切	羊晉切
Baxter	yinX	yinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiɪn^X/	/jiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jin^X/	/jin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/jen^X/	/jen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jin^X/	/jin^H/
Li Rong	/iĕn^X/	/iĕn^H/
Wang Li	/jĭĕn^X/	/jĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ĕn^X/	/i̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǐn	yìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan⁵	jan⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*li[n]ʔ/, /*li[n]ʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*linʔ/, /*lins/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	引	引
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǐn	yǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ yin^X ›	‹ yin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*li[n]ʔ/	/*li[n]ʔ-s/
English	draw the bow	draw the bow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	引	引
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15306	15312
Phonetic component	引	引
Rime group	眞	眞
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	引	𦙍
Old Chinese	/*linʔ/	/*lins/

Definitions

引

to pull, draw out, attract
to stretch
to lead
to induce
to recommend (Can we add an example for this sense?)
to reference, to quote
to leave
(music) prelude
(archaic) sales permit

(Can we add an example for this sense?) (particularly for the sense " to lead")

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (引):

→ Vietnamese: dẫn (引)

Etymology 2

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Compare with Zhangzhou Hokkien 咉 (ńg), such as used in 咉公 (ńg-kong), and Hokkien 俺 (án) as per Douglas (1873).”

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ín

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ín
  - Tâi-lô: ín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ien
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /in⁵⁵⁴/

Definitions

引

(Quanzhou Hokkien, honorific) Prefix for kinship terms.
引公 [Hokkien] ― ín-kong [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― grandpa

引媽／引妈 [Hokkien] ― ín-má [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― grandma

Related terms

俺 (án)
咉 (ńg)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 引 – see 蚓 (“earthworm”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蚓).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

引

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
Kun: ひく (hiku, 引く, Jōyō)、ひける (hikeru, 引ける, Jōyō)
Nanori: のぶ (nobu)、ひき (hiki)、ひさ (hisa)

Compounds

割(わり)引(びき) (waribiki)

Antonyms

斥 (“repulse”)
押 (“push”)

Derived terms

Etymology

Kanji in this term
引
いん Grade: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 引 (MC yinX|yinH).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) いん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ĩɴ]

Noun

引(いん) • (in)

the preface to a book; introduction; foreword

Affix

引(いん) • (in)

pull; draw out; stretch
lead; induce
bear; undertake; accept (Can we add an example for this sense?) (particularly for "accept")
quote; reference
leave

Derived terms

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

引 (eumhun 끌 인 (kkeul in))

hanja form^? of 인 (“pull”)

Compounds

견인차 (牽引車, gyeonincha, “tow truck”)
유인 (誘引, yuin, “attraction”)