βδέλυγμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Hellenistic noun from ancient verb βδελύσσομαι (bdelússomai)/βδελύττομαι (bdelúttomai, “I am disgusted; despise”) (stem: *βδελύτj (*bdelútj)) from adjective βδελῠρός (bdelurós) from *βδελυλός (*bdelulós), which originates from the verb βδέω (bdéō, “fart”) from Proto-Indo-European *pesd- (cognates, Latin pēdō > French péter). Also see βδύλλω (bdúllō, “I am terribly afraid, I fart from fear”).

Unlike all the other cognates which were connected to the sense "fart", this noun first appears (with frequency) at the Old Testament translation in Greek, with sense "deeds or idols repugnant to God". (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈβðe.lyɣ.ma/ → /ˈvðe.liɣ.ma/

• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈbde.lyɡ.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβðe.lyɣ.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈvðe.lyɣ.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈvðe.liɣ.ma/

Noun

βδέλυγμα • (bdélugma) n (genitive βδελύγματος); third declension (Koine)

1. horror, abomination (horrific thing or act)
   • Daniel 9, 27 (Theodotion, in Ralfs-Hanhart, Septuaginta, (2nd ed., 2006), page 924.

     Καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ ἱερὸν βδέλυγμα τῶν ἐρημώσεων καὶ ἕως συντελείας καιροῦ συντέλεια δοθήσεται ἐπὶ τὴν ἐρήμωσιν.

     Kaì epì tò hieròn bdélugma tôn erēmṓseōn kaì héōs sunteleías kairoû suntéleia dothḗsetai epì tḕn erḗmōsin.

     And in the temple shall be a desolating abomination until the moment of consummation, [when] the end shall be poured over the desolator.

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ βδέλυγμᾰ; τοῦ βδελύγμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ βδέλυγμᾰ tò bdélugma	τὼ βδελύγμᾰτε tṑ bdelúgmate	τᾰ̀ βδελύγμᾰτᾰ tà bdelúgmata
Genitive	τοῦ βδελύγμᾰτος toû bdelúgmatos	τοῖν βδελυγμᾰ́τοιν toîn bdelugmátoin	τῶν βδελυγμᾰ́των tôn bdelugmátōn
Dative	τῷ βδελύγμᾰτῐ tôi bdelúgmati	τοῖν βδελυγμᾰ́τοιν toîn bdelugmátoin	τοῖς βδελύγμᾰσῐ / βδελύγμᾰσῐν toîs bdelúgmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ βδέλυγμᾰ tò bdélugma	τὼ βδελύγμᾰτε tṑ bdelúgmate	τᾰ̀ βδελύγμᾰτᾰ tà bdelúgmata
Vocative	βδέλυγμᾰ bdélugma	βδελύγμᾰτε bdelúgmate	βδελύγμᾰτᾰ bdelúgmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• ἀβδέλυκτος (abdéluktos, “not to be abominated”)
• ᾰ̓ποβδελύττομαι (apobdelúttomai, “reject with abhorrence”)
• βδελυγμῐ́ᾱ f (bdelugmíā, “nausea; filth”)
• βδελυγμός m (bdelugmós, “abomination”)
• βδελυκτός (bdeluktós, “disgusting, abominable”)
• βδελύκτροπος (bdelúktropos, “repugnant, abominable”)
• βδελῠρεύομαι (bdelureúomai, “behave in a beastly manner”)
• βδελῠρῐ́ᾱ f (bdeluríā, “beastly, coarse behaviour”)
• βδελῠρός (bdelurós, “disgusting, loathsome”)
• βδελυρότης (bdelurótēs, “disgusting filthiness”)
• βδελύσσομαι (bdelússomai, “feel sick; loathe, be loathsome”), βδελύττομαι (bdelúttomai) (Attic)
• βδελυχρός (bdelukhrós, “βδελυρός”)
• πᾰμβδελῠρός (pambdelurós, “utterly abominable”)
• τρῐσβδέλῠρος (trisbdéluros, “thrice-abominable”)

Not related to βδέλλᾰ f (bdélla, “leech”) from verb βδάλλω (bdállō, “suck”)

Further reading

• “βδέλυγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βδέλυγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• βδέλυγμα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Hofmann, J. B. (1949) “βδέλυγμα”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Griechischen‎^[1] (in German), Munich: R. Oldenbourg [translated in Greek by Antonius D. Papanikolaou, Athens: n.p. 1974.]

Greek

Etymology

From Hellenisitc Koine Greek βδέλυγμα.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvðe.liɣ.ma/
• Hyphenation: βδέ‧λυγ‧μα
• Old Hyphenation: βδέ‧λυ‧γμα

Noun

βδέλυγμα • (vdélygma) n (plural βδελύγματα)

1. abomination

   Πρόδωσε τους συντρόφους του στον εχθρό κι έγινε βδέλυγμα για όλους.

   Pródose tous syntrófous tou ston echthró ki égine vdélygma gia ólous.

   He betrayed his companions to the enemy and he became an abomination to everyone.

Declension

Declension of βδέλυγμα

	singular	plural
nominative	βδέλυγμα •	βδελύγματα •
genitive	βδελύγματος •	βδελυγμάτων •
accusative	βδέλυγμα •	βδελύγματα •
vocative	βδέλυγμα •	βδελύγματα •

Synonyms

• σίχαμα n (síchama, “a disgusting thing”)

Derived terms

• βδέλυγμα της ερημώσεως (vdélygma tis erimóseos, “said for a disgraceful person”) (proverb, from Daniel 9.27)

Related terms

• βδελυγμία f (vdelygmía, “disgust”)
  • μετά βδελυγμίας (metá vdelygmías, “with disgust, indignation”) (formal, historic)
• βδελυγμός m (vdelygmós, “disgust”) (formal)
• βδελυρός (vdelyrós, “disgusting, despised”) (formal)
• βδελύττομαι (vdelýttomai, “I am disgusted”) (formal)

Further reading

• βδέλυγμα - Babiniotis, Georgios (2010) Ετυμολογικό λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας Etymologikó lexikó tis néas ellinikís glóssas (in Greek), Athens: Lexicology Centre