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Bulgarian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- отъ (ot) (Pre-reform orthography (1945))
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *otъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]от • (ot)
- used to indicate movement away from a position, from, away from, out of, off
- прибирам се от работа
- pribiram se ot rabota
- to come home from work
- излизам от стаята
- izlizam ot stajata
- to go out of the room
- падам от стълба
- padam ot stǎlba
- to fall off a ladder
- ставам от масата
- stavam ot masata
- to get up from the table
- далеч от
- daleč ot
- far from
- used to indicate the position relative to which something is, from, on, of
- Сградата е на десет километра от епицентъра.
- Sgradata e na deset kilometra ot epicentǎra.
- The building is ten kilometres from the epicentre.
- От моята къща се вижда морето.
- Ot mojata kǎšta se vižda moreto.
- From my house the sea can be seen.
- наляво от вратата
- naljavo ot vratata
- left of the door
- от лявата ми страна
- ot ljavata mi strana
- on my left
- used to show separation or removal, from
- изваждам три от десет
- izvaždam tri ot deset
- to take three (away) from ten
- отстранявам от училище
- otstranjavam ot učilište
- to expel from school
- used to indicate a starting point in time, from, since
- Беше сляп от раждането си.
- Beše sljap ot raždaneto si.
- He was blind from birth.
- Започвам работа от понеделник.
- Započvam rabota ot ponedelnik.
- I'm starting work from Monday.
- Познавам я от миналата година.
- Poznavam ja ot minalata godina.
- I have known her since last year.
- used to show the group someone/something belongs to, of
- един от нас
- edin ot nas
- one of us
- трима от приятелите му
- trima ot prijatelite mu
- three of his friends
- used to indicate an indefinite amount of something, some (of), a part of, a piece of
- Някой беше пил от виното.
- Njakoj beše pil ot vinoto.
- Someone had drunk some of the wine.
- Яде ли от тортата?
- Jade li ot tortata?
- Did you have a piece of the cake?
- used to indicate the origin of someone/something, from, of
- Аз съм от България.
- Az sǎm ot Bǎlgarija.
- I'm from Bulgaria.
- Това вино идва от Франция.
- Tova vino idva ot Francija.
- This wine comes from France.
- родом от
- rodom ot
- born in/native of
- деца от първия брак
- deca ot pǎrvija brak
- children of the first marriage
- студент от университета
- student ot universiteta
- a student of/from the university
- used to indicate what something is made of or consists of, from, of, out of
- Сиренето се прави от мляко.
- Sireneto se pravi ot mljako.
- Cheese is made from/out of milk.
- кутия от дърво
- kutija ot dǎrvo
- a box made of wood
- тълпа от хора
- tǎlpa ot hora
- a crowd of people
- армия от просяци
- armija ot prosjaci
- an army of beggars
- used to show the source that provides something, from
- писмо от брат ми
- pismo ot brat mi
- a letter from my brother
- информация от очевидци
- informacija ot očevidci
- information from witnesses
- уча се от грешките си
- uča se ot greškite si
- to learn from one's mistakes
- От това, което чух, той е получил сърдечен удар.
- Ot tova, koeto čuh, toj e polučil sǎrdečen udar.
- From what I heard, he had a heart attack.
- купувам нещо от някого
- kupuvam nešto ot njakogo
- to buy something from somebody
- купувам от магазин
- kupuvam ot magazin
- to buy from/at/in a shop
- пия от чаша
- pija ot čaša
- to drink from/out of a glass
- преписвам от книга
- prepisvam ot kniga
- to copy out of a book
- used to show the person or thing someone/something is afraid of, ashamed of, saved from, hidden from, etc., from, of
- Страхувам се от кучета.
- Strahuvam se ot kučeta.
- I'm afraid of dogs.
- Срам ме е от това, което направих.
- Sram me e ot tova, koeto napravih.
- I'm ashamed of what I have done.
- Той беше спасен от удавяне.
- Toj beše spasen ot udavjane.
- He was saved from drowning.
- Какво криеш от мен?
- Kakvo krieš ot men?
- What are you hiding from me?
- Това лекарство лекува от много болести.
- Tova lekarstvo lekuva ot mnogo bolesti.
- This medicine cures many illnesses.
- отървавам се от някого
- otǎrvavam se ot njakogo
- to get rid of someone
- used when comparing or distinguishing things, to introduce the basis of comparison/distinction, than, from
- По-висок съм от нея.
- Po-visok sǎm ot neja.
- I'm taller than her.
- Мария е различна от Виктория.
- Marija e različna ot Viktorija.
- Maria is different from Victoria.
- Не мога да различа единия от другия.
- Ne moga da različa edinija ot drugija.
- I can't distinguish one from the other.
- used to indicate the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice, by
- Лодката беше залята от водата.
- Lodkata beše zaljata ot vodata.
- The boat was swamped by the water.
- роман от Дикенс
- roman ot Dikens
- a novel by Dickens
- used to show the reason for something, from, out of, with, of, through
- заспивам от умора
- zaspivam ot umora
- to fall asleep from weariness/with fatigue
- очи, зачервени от плач
- oči, začerveni ot plač
- eyes red from weeping
- умирам от болест/глад
- umiram ot bolest/glad
- to die of an illness/hunger
- треперя от студ
- treperja ot stud
- to shake with cold
- викам от яд/отчаяние
- vikam ot jad/otčajanie
- to shout in anger/despair
- питам от любопитство
- pitam ot ljubopitstvo
- to ask out of curiosity
- от нужда/завист
- ot nužda/zavist
- out of necessity/envy
- от мързел/невнимание
- ot mǎrzel/nevnimanie
- through laziness/carelessness
- used to show the state of somebody/something before a change, from
- Нещата станаха от лоши по-лоши.
- Neštata stanaha ot loši po-loši.
- Things have gone from bad to worse.
- превеждам от български на английски
- preveždam ot bǎlgarski na anglijski
- to translate from Bulgarian to English
- събуждам се от сън
- sǎbuždam se ot sǎn
- to wake up from sleep
- used to show where somebody/something was before they/it changed place, from
- вървя от град на град
- vǎrvja ot grad na grad
- to go from one town to another
- used to indicate the range of something, from
- от сутрин до вечер
- ot sutrin do večer
- from morning till night
- от понеделник до петък
- ot ponedelnik do petǎk
- from Monday till Friday
- от глава до пети
- ot glava do peti
- from head to toe
- Магазинът работи от 9 до 18.
- Magazinǎt raboti ot 9 do 18.
- The shop's open from 9 to 6.
- used to indicate the amount of time that has passed since the beginning of something, for
- Познавам я от четири години.
- Poznavam ja ot četiri godini.
- I have known her for four years.
- Не съм го виждал от известно време.
- Ne sǎm go viždal ot izvestno vreme.
- I haven't seen him for a while.
Anagrams
[edit]- то (to)
Dolgan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Turkish ot.
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Karachay-Balkar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Kazakh
[edit]| Alternative scripts | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | وت |
| Cyrillic | от |
| Latin | ot |
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Turkish ot, etc.
Synonyms
[edit]- шөп (şöp)
Khakas
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Kumyk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Declension
[edit]Declension of от (ot)
Possessive forms of от (ot)
| 1sg | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | отум (otum) | отларым (otlarım) |
| accusative | отумну (otumnu) | отларымны (otlarımnı) |
| dative | отумгъа (otumğa) | отларыма (otlarıma) |
| locative | отумда (otumda) | отларымда (otlarımda) |
| ablative | отумдан (otumdan) | отларымдан (otlarımdan) |
| genitive | отумну (otumnu) | отларымны (otlarımnı) |
| 1pl | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | отубуз (otubuz) | отларыбыз (otlarıbız) |
| accusative | отубузну (otubuznu) | отларыбызны (otlarıbıznı) |
| dative | отубузгъа (otubuzğa) | отларыбызгъа (otlarıbızğa) |
| locative | отубузда (otubuzda) | отларыбызда (otlarıbızda) |
| ablative | отубуздан (otubuzdan) | отларыбыздан (otlarıbızdan) |
| genitive | отубузну (otubuznu) | отларыбызны (otlarıbıznı) |
| 2sg | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | отунгъ (otunğ) | отларынгъ (otlarınğ) |
| accusative | отунгъну (otunğnu) | отларынгъны (otlarınğnı) |
| dative | отунгъа (otunğa) | отларынгъа (otlarınğa) |
| locative | отунгъда (otunğda) | отларынгъда (otlarınğda) |
| ablative | отунгъдан (otunğdan) | отларынгъдан (otlarınğdan) |
| genitive | отунгъну (otunğnu) | отларынгъны (otlarınğnı) |
| 2pl | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | отугъуз (otuğuz) | отларыгъыз (otlarığız) |
| accusative | отугъузну (otuğuznu) | отларыгъызны (otlarığıznı) |
| dative | отугъузгъа (otuğuzğa) | отларыгъызгъа (otlarığızğa) |
| locative | отугъузда (otuğuzda) | отларыгъызда (otlarığızda) |
| ablative | отугъуздан (otuğuzdan) | отларыбыздан (otlarıbızdan) |
| genitive | отугъузну (otuğuznu) | отларыгъызны (otlarığıznı) |
| 3 | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | оту (otu) | отлары (otları) |
| accusative | отун (otun) | отларын (otların) |
| dative | отуна (otuna) | отларына (otlarına) |
| locative | отунда (otunda) | отларында (otlarında) |
| ablative | отундан (otundan) | отларындан (otlarından) |
| genitive | отуну (otunu) | отларыны (otlarını) |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Declension
[edit]Declension of от (ot)
Possessive forms of от (ot)
| 1sg | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | отум (otum) | отларым (otlarım) |
| accusative | отумну (otumnu) | отларымны (otlarımnı) |
| dative | отумгъа (otumğa) | отларыма (otlarıma) |
| locative | отумда (otumda) | отларымда (otlarımda) |
| ablative | отумдан (otumdan) | отларымдан (otlarımdan) |
| genitive | отумну (otumnu) | отларымны (otlarımnı) |
| 1pl | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | отубуз (otubuz) | отларыбыз (otlarıbız) |
| accusative | отубузну (otubuznu) | отларыбызны (otlarıbıznı) |
| dative | отубузгъа (otubuzğa) | отларыбызгъа (otlarıbızğa) |
| locative | отубузда (otubuzda) | отларыбызда (otlarıbızda) |
| ablative | отубуздан (otubuzdan) | отларыбыздан (otlarıbızdan) |
| genitive | отубузну (otubuznu) | отларыбызны (otlarıbıznı) |
| 2sg | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | отунгъ (otunğ) | отларынгъ (otlarınğ) |
| accusative | отунгъну (otunğnu) | отларынгъны (otlarınğnı) |
| dative | отунгъа (otunğa) | отларынгъа (otlarınğa) |
| locative | отунгъда (otunğda) | отларынгъда (otlarınğda) |
| ablative | отунгъдан (otunğdan) | отларынгъдан (otlarınğdan) |
| genitive | отунгъну (otunğnu) | отларынгъны (otlarınğnı) |
| 2pl | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | отугъуз (otuğuz) | отларыгъыз (otlarığız) |
| accusative | отугъузну (otuğuznu) | отларыгъызны (otlarığıznı) |
| dative | отугъузгъа (otuğuzğa) | отларыгъызгъа (otlarığızğa) |
| locative | отугъузда (otuğuzda) | отларыгъызда (otlarığızda) |
| ablative | отугъуздан (otuğuzdan) | отларыбыздан (otlarıbızdan) |
| genitive | отугъузну (otuğuznu) | отларыгъызны (otlarığıznı) |
| 3 | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | оту (otu) | отлары (otları) |
| accusative | отун (otun) | отларын (otların) |
| dative | отуна (otuna) | отларына (otlarına) |
| locative | отунда (otunda) | отларында (otlarında) |
| ablative | отундан (otundan) | отларындан (otlarından) |
| genitive | отуну (otunu) | отларыны (otlarını) |
Kyrgyz
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot) (Arabic spelling وت)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot) (Arabic spelling وت)
References
[edit]Nogai
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt.[1][2] Cognate to Karakalpak ot.
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot.[3][4] Cognate to Karakalpak ot.
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
References
[edit]- ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1 o:t”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 34
- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ōt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “2 ot”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 34
- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ot”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Russian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- отъ (ot) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
- ото (oto) (before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-))
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old East Slavic отъ (otŭ), from Proto-Slavic *otъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [ɐt]
Audio: (file) - IPA(key): [ət] (after a word ending in consonant and not before a stressed syllable, e.g., "зави́сит от того́ (zavísit ot tovó)")
- IPA(key): [ˈot] (when stressed)
Audio: (file) - Note: The final [t] becomes a [d] before the voiced consonants б (b), г (g), д (d), ж (ž) and з (z).
Preposition
[edit]- from, away from, of, with (in the following senses):
- to denote the starting point of the movement of something:
- to denote a reference point in comparison with the position of something else:
- used with certain verbs to denote literal or figurative distance from the indirect object:
- отказа́ться от сде́лки ― otkazátʹsja ot sdélki ― to reject a deal
- изба́виться от привы́чки ― izbávitʹsja ot privýčki ― to get rid of a habit
- защища́ть от инфе́кции ― zaščiščátʹ ot infékcii ― to protect against infection
- зави́сеть от ситуа́ции ― zavísetʹ ot situácii ― to depend on the situation
- (with до (do)) to denote a range:
- Synonym: — (em dash, тире́) (— (em dash, tiré))
- от 1 неде́ли до 1 ме́сяца ― ot 1 nedéli do 1 mésjaca ― from 1 week to 1 month
- от 1 до 2 миллио́нов рубле́й ― ot 1 do 2 milliónov rubléj ― from 1 to 2 million roubles
- пронумеро́ванные от 1 до 12 ― pronumeróvannyje ot 1 do 12 ― numbered from 1 to 12 / 1 through 12
- to denote the cause or origin of some condition:
- used in a few set phrases to denote the nature of an action:
- from, since, of (about a time of origin)
- слепо́й от рожде́ния ― slepój ot roždénija ― blind from birth
- Synonym: с (s)
- ука́з президе́нта от 1 сентября́ ― ukáz prezidénta ot 1 sentjabrjá ― the presidential decree of 1 September
- Synonym: genitive case
Usage notes
[edit]Before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-), the variant form ото (oto) is used.
Anagrams
[edit]- то (to)
Shor
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Southern Altai
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”). Cognate with Kazakh от (ot), Kyrgyz от (ot), Crimean Tatar ot, Kumyk от (ot), Azerbaijani od, Turkish od, Khakas от (ot), Shor от, Tuvan от (ot), Western Yugur ot, etc.
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Kazakh от (ot), Kyrgyz от (ot), Crimean Tatar ot, Kumyk от (ot), Azerbaijani ot, Turkish ot, Khakas от (ot), Shor от, Tuvan оът (òt), Western Yugur ot/ uʰt, etc.
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Related terms
[edit]- чӧп (čöp)
References
[edit]N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “от”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN
Southern Yukaghir
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Yukaghir *ət-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]от (ot)
- Used to mark the irrealis mood.
Usage notes
[edit]- Usually used in its affirmative form, мэт (met).
References
[edit]- Elena Maslova (2003) A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 6
Tuvan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).
Noun
[edit]от • (ot) (definite accusative отту, plural оттар)
Yakut
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Turkish ot and Kazakh от (ot), but a false cognate with English oat.
Noun
[edit]от • (ot)
Derived terms
[edit]- алтан от (altan ot, “dandelion”)
- От ыйа (Ot ıya, “July”)
- от күөҕэ (ot küöğe, “green”)
- от-мас (ot-mas, “vegetation”)
- отто кэбис (otto kebis, “to stack hay”)
- оттук (ottuk, “grass in a pasture”)
- отуу (otuu, “grass hut”)
- ытырыык от (ıtırıık ot, “nettle”)
See also
[edit]- оҕус (oğus, “to mow”)
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian prepositions
- Bulgarian terms with usage examples
- Dolgan terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Dolgan terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Dolgan lemmas
- Dolgan nouns
- Karachay-Balkar terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Karachay-Balkar terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Karachay-Balkar lemmas
- Karachay-Balkar nouns
- Kazakh terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Kazakh terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Kazakh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kazakh lemmas
- Kazakh nouns
- Khakas terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Khakas terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Khakas lemmas
- Khakas nouns
- Kumyk terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Kumyk terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Kumyk lemmas
- Kumyk nouns
- Kyrgyz terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Kyrgyz terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Kyrgyz lemmas
- Kyrgyz nouns
- Nogai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Nogai terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Nogai lemmas
- Nogai nouns
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian 1-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian prepositions
- Russian terms with usage examples
- Shor terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Shor terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Shor lemmas
- Shor nouns
- Southern Altai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Southern Altai terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Southern Altai lemmas
- Southern Altai nouns
- Southern Yukaghir terms inherited from Proto-Yukaghir
- Southern Yukaghir terms derived from Proto-Yukaghir
- Southern Yukaghir terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Southern Yukaghir/ot
- Rhymes:Southern Yukaghir/ot/1 syllable
- Southern Yukaghir lemmas
- Southern Yukaghir particles
- Tuvan terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Tuvan terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Tuvan lemmas
- Tuvan nouns
- Yakut terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Yakut terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Yakut lemmas
- Yakut nouns
- sah:Grasses