دام

Arabic

Root
د و م (d w m)
10 terms

Verb

دَامَ • (dāma) I (non-past يَدُومُ (yadūmu), verbal noun دَوْم (dawm) or دَوَام (dawām) or دَيْمُومَة (daymūma))

1. to last, to endure

   Synonym: بَقِيَ (baqiya)

   مَا دَامَ ٱلنَّجَاحُ مُهِمًّا فَيَجِبُ أَنْ أَنْجَحَ.

   mā dāma n-najāḥu muhimman fayajibu ʔan ʔanjaḥa.

   As long as success is important, I have to succeed.

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 11:108:

     وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ رَبُّكَ ۖ عَطَاءً غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ

     waʔammā llaḏīna suʕidū fafī l-jannati ḵālidīna fīhā mā dāmati as-samāwātu wālʔarḍu ʔillā mā šāʔa rabbuka ʕaṭāʔan ḡayra majḏūḏin

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of دَامَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, impersonal passive (?), verbal nouns دَوْم, دَوَام, دَيْمُومَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						دَوْم, دَوَام, دَيْمُومَة dawm, dawām, daymūma
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						دَائِم dāʔim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَدُوم madūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دُمْتُ dumtu	دُمْتَ dumta	دَامَ dāma		دُمْتُمَا dumtumā	دَامَا dāmā		دُمْنَا dumnā	دُمْتُمْ dumtum	دَامُوا dāmū
	f		دُمْتِ dumti	دَامَتْ dāmat			دَامَتَا dāmatā			دُمْتُنَّ dumtunna	دُمْنَ dumna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَدُومُ ʔadūmu	تَدُومُ tadūmu	يَدُومُ yadūmu		تَدُومَانِ tadūmāni	يَدُومَانِ yadūmāni		نَدُومُ nadūmu	تَدُومُونَ tadūmūna	يَدُومُونَ yadūmūna
	f		تَدُومِينَ tadūmīna	تَدُومُ tadūmu			تَدُومَانِ tadūmāni			تَدُمْنَ tadumna	يَدُمْنَ yadumna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَدُومَ ʔadūma	تَدُومَ tadūma	يَدُومَ yadūma		تَدُومَا tadūmā	يَدُومَا yadūmā		نَدُومَ nadūma	تَدُومُوا tadūmū	يَدُومُوا yadūmū
	f		تَدُومِي tadūmī	تَدُومَ tadūma			تَدُومَا tadūmā			تَدُمْنَ tadumna	يَدُمْنَ yadumna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَدُمْ ʔadum	تَدُمْ tadum	يَدُمْ yadum		تَدُومَا tadūmā	يَدُومَا yadūmā		نَدُمْ nadum	تَدُومُوا tadūmū	يَدُومُوا yadūmū
	f		تَدُومِي tadūmī	تَدُمْ tadum			تَدُومَا tadūmā			تَدُمْنَ tadumna	يَدُمْنَ yadumna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		دُمْ dum			دُومَا dūmā				دُومُوا dūmū
	f		دُومِي dūmī							دُمْنَ dumna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	دِيمَ dīma		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُدَامُ yudāmu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُدَامَ yudāma		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُدَمْ yudam		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Descendants

• Maltese: dam, diem
• → Swahili: dumu

See also

• مَا دَامَ (mā dāma)

Adjective

دامٍ • (dāmin) m (animate masculine plural دَامُونَ (dāmūna), inanimate masculine plural دَوَامٍ (dawāmin), feminine plural دَامٍيَات (dāmiyāt) or دَوَامٍ (dawāmin))

1. bleeding

Khalaj

Noun

دام (dâam) (definite accusative دامؽ, plural داملار)

1. Arabic spelling of dâam (“roof”)

Declension

Declension of دام

	singular	plural
nominative	دام	داملار
genitive	دامؽݧ	داملارؽݧ
dative	دامقا	داملارقا
definite accusative	دامؽ	داملارؽ
locative	دامچا	داملارچا
ablative	دامدا	داملاردا
instrumental	داملا	داملارلا
equative	داموارا	داملاروارا

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Persian دام (dâm, “snare, trap”).

Noun

دام • (dam)

1. net, trap, snare, for catching game

   Synonyms: (net) آغ (ağ), شبكه (şebeke)

2. (figuratively) trap laid for a person
3. the vanities of life, the lusts of the flesh

Derived terms

• دامكاه (damgah, “place of traps and snares”)
• دامی (dami, “pertaining to a trap or snare”)

 

Etymology 2

From Persian دام (dâm, “livestock, domesticated animals”).

Noun

دام • (dam)

1. any wild animal that does not attack or prey on others

Etymology 3

Noun

دام • (dam)

1. Alternative spelling of طام (dam, “roof”)

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دام”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 562
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Rete”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1477
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دام”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, columns 2009–2010
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دام”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 883

Persian

Dari	دام
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дом

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [dɑːm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔːm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɒːm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔm]

Readings
Classical reading?	dām
Dari reading?	dām
Iranian reading?	dâm
Tajik reading?	dom

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáHma (compare Sanskrit दामन् (dā́man, “string, cord, rope, fetter”)), from Proto-Indo-European *déh₁-mn̥, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- (“to bind”).

Noun

دام • (dâm)

1. snare, trap

   به دام افتادن ― be dâm oftâdan ― to get trapped (literally, “to fall in a trap”)

   به دام انداختن ― be dâm andâxtan ― to trap, ensnare (literally, “to throw into a trap”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (dʾm /⁠dām⁠/, “tame animal”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *demh₂- (“to tame, dominate”). Cognates include Sanskrit दाम्यति (dāmyati), Ancient Greek δαμνάω (damnáō), and Latin domō.

Noun

دام • (dâm)

1. livestock
2. any domesticated animals and livestock such as sheep, cows, goats, dogs, cats, etc

   Antonym: دَد (dad, “wild animals”)

Derived terms

• دامدار (dâmdar, “cowhand, pastoralist”)
• دامداری (dâmdari, “pastoralism”)

 

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “²dām”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 24
• Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 322

Etymology 3

Borrowed from French dames.

Noun

دام • (dâm)

1. draughts, checkers

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “دام”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːm/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫 (damma, “coin”), from Sanskrit द्रम्म (dramma), from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːm/

Noun

دام • (dām) m (Hindi spelling दाम)

1. price, value, cost

   Synonyms: مولیہ (mūlya), قیمت (qīmat)

   دوردرشن انچے یا سستے داموں پر خریدو

   dūrdarśan ū̃ce yā saste dāmõ par xarīdẽ

   Buy TV at a high or cheap prices

Declension

Declension of دام
	singular	plural
direct	دام (dām)	دام (dām)
oblique	دام (dām)	داموں (dāmõ)
vocative	دام (dām)	دامو (dāmo)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Prakrit दाम (dāma), from Sanskrit दाम (dāma, “rope”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːm/

Noun

دام • (dām) m or f (Hindi spelling दाम)

1. rope

Declension

Declension of دام
	singular	plural
direct	دام (dām)	دام (dām)
oblique	دام (dām)	داموں (dāmõ)
vocative	دام (dām)	دامو (dāmo)

Declension of دام
	singular	plural
direct	دام (dām)	دامیں (dāmẽ)
oblique	دام (dām)	داموں (dāmõ)
vocative	دام (dām)	دامو (dāmo)

Etymology 3

From Classical Persian دام (dām, “trap, snare”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːm/

Noun

دام • (dām) ?

1. trap; snare; net

Derived terms

• دامِ حُس٘ن (dām-e-husn, “trap of beauty”)

References

• “دام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “دام”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 502
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dramma”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 378
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dāˊman”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 360

Ushojo

Etymology

From Persian دام (dâm).

Noun

دام (dām)

1. a net made of thread for catching birds