ܚܡܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܚ ܡ ܡ (ḥ m m)
10 terms

Compare Arabic حُمَّة (ḥumma) and Hebrew חֵמָה (khemá).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ħɪm.mɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [xɪm.mɑː]

Noun

ܚܸܡܵܐ • (ḥimmā) m (uncountable)

1. heat (condition or quality of being hot or at a high temperature)

   ܚܸܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܠܒܲܕܲܪ. ― ḥimmā ìlēh l-baddar. ― It is hot outside. (literally, “It is the heat outside.”)

   • Matthew 20:12:

     ܘܐܡܝܼܪ ܠܗܘܿܢ: «ܐܲܢܹܐ ܐ݇ܚܵܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܦܠܝܼܚ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܘܚܘܼܫܒܸܢܵܗܝ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܡܐܲܟ݂ܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ، ܐܲܚܢܲܢ ܕܛܥܝܼܢܲܢ ܝܘܼܩܪܵܐ ܘܚܸܡܵܐ ܕܝܵܘܡܵܐ».

     w-mīr lhōn: “annē ḥārāyē plīḥ lhōn ḥḏā šāˁṯā w-ḥušbinnāh lūḵ mˀaḵwāṯan, aḥnan d-ṭˁīnan yuqrā wḥimmā d-yāwmā”.

     and they said, “These last men have worked only one hour, and you made them equal to us who have borne the burden and the heat of the day.”

Usage notes

Possessive pronouns added to this word are the way to express feeling hot, e.g ܝܼܠܹܗ ܚܸܡܝܼ (īlēh ḥimī, “I am feeling hot”, literally “he (it) is my heat”).

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܸܡܵܐ (ḥimmā)
number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܸܡܝܼ (ḥimī)		ܚܸܡܲܢ (ḥimman)
	construct	ܚܸܡ (ḥim)	2nd person	ܚܸܡܘܼܟ݂ (ḥimūḵ)	ܚܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥimmāḵ)	ܚܸܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥimmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܸܡܵܐ (ḥimmā)	3rd person	ܚܸܡܹܗ (ḥimmēh)	ܚܸܡܵܗ̇ (ḥimmāh)	ܚܸܡܗܘܿܢ (ḥimhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܚܸܡܝܼ̈ (ḥimī)		ܚܸܡܲܢ̈ (ḥimman)
	construct	ܚܸܡܲܝ̈ (ḥimmay)	2nd person	ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥimūḵ)	ܚܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥimmāḵ)	ܚܸܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥimmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܸܡܹ̈ܐ (ḥimmē)	3rd person	ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥimūh)	ܚܸܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥimmōh)	ܚܸܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥimhōn)

Derived terms

• ܠܲܦܵܐ ܕܚܸܡܵܐ (lappā d-ḥimmā, “heat wave”)
• ܕܵܠܘܿܝܵܐ ܕܚܸܡܵܐ (dālōyā d-ḥimmā, “heat pump”)

Related terms

• ܚܸܡܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥimṯā)
• ܚܲܡܝܼܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥamīmūṯā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ḥamw-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)mɑ]

Noun

ܚܡܐ • (ḥəmā) m (plural ܚܡܗܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܡܬܐ)

1. father-in-law
2. (in the plural) relatives, family

Usage notes

The word ܚܡܐ is one of only three nouns in the entire language that have an irregular possessive stem ending in the letter Waw; the other two being ܐܒܐ (ʾăḇā, “father”) and ܐܚܐ (ʾăḥā, “brother”).

Inflection

    declension of ܚܡܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܚܡ	ܚܡܗܝܢ
construct	ܚܡ	ܚܡܗܝ
emphatic	ܚܡܐ	ܚܡܗܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܚܡܝ	ܚܡܗܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܚܡܘܟ	ܚܡܗܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܚܡܘܟܝ	ܚܡܗܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܚܡܘܗܝ	ܚܡܗܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܚܡܘܗ	ܚܡܗܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܚܡܘܢ	ܚܡܗܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܚܡܘܟܘܢ	ܚܡܗܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܚܡܘܟܝܢ	ܚܡܗܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܚܡܘܗܘܢ	ܚܡܗܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܚܡܘܗܝܢ	ܚܡܗܝܗܝܢ

Synonyms

• ܚܡܝܢܐ (ḥemyānā)

References

• “ḥm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-24
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 108a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 145b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 461b