जू

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• जु (ju), जव् (jav)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• জূ (Assamese script)
• ᬚᬹ (Balinese script)
• জূ (Bengali script)
• 𑰕𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀚𑀽 (Brahmi script)
• ဇူ (Burmese script)
• જૂ (Gujarati script)
• ਜੂ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌜𑍂 (Grantha script)
• ꦗꦹ (Javanese script)
• 𑂔𑂴 (Kaithi script)
• ಜೂ (Kannada script)
• ជូ (Khmer script)
• ຊູ (Lao script)
• ജൂ (Malayalam script)
• ᡯᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘕𑘴 (Modi script)
• ᠽᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦵𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐖𑐹 (Newa script)
• ଜୂ (Odia script)
• ꢙꢹ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆘𑆷 (Sharada script)
• 𑖕𑖳 (Siddham script)
• ජූ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩣𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚑𑚱 (Takri script)
• ஜூ (Tamil script)
• జూ (Telugu script)
• ชู (Thai script)
• ཛཱུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒖𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨥𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From a Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] root shared with Persian زود (zud, “early”) and Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬬𐬍𐬱𐬙𐬫𐬀 (zəvīštya, “the quickest”), possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *ǵewH- (“force, drive”) and thus further cognate with Old Norse keyra (“drive”) and Proto-Slavic *žurìti (“to rage”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑúː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑuː/

Root

जू • (jū)

1. to press forwards, hurry on, be quick
2. to impel quickly, urge or drive on, incite
3. to scare
4. to excite, promote, animate, inspire

Derived terms

• ज (já, “speedy”)
  • ज (já, “speed, swiftness”)
  • जव (jáva, “velocity, speed, haste”)
  • जवीयस् (jávīyas, “quicker, fleeter”)
  • जविष्ठ (jáviṣṭha, “quickest, fleetest”)
  • जवन (jávana, javaná, “quick, swift, fleet”)
  • जविन् (javín, “quick, swift, fleet”)
  • जवस् (jávas, “swift, rapid”)
  • जुवस् (júvas, “celerity, swiftness”)
  • जू (jū́, “quick, speedy; inciting, driving”)
  • जूति (jūtí, “driving; velocity; impulse, energy”)
  • जूत (jūtá, “impelled, driven”)
  • जुनति (junā́ti, “to go, move”)
  • जवति (javati, “to press forwards, hurry on, be quick to impel”)
  • जवते (jávate, “to press forwards, hurry on, be quick to impel”)
  • जू (jū́, “courser”)
  • यातुजू (yātú-jū́, “possessed by Yātu-s”)
  • जूजुवस् (jūjuvás, “speedy”)
  • धीजवन (dhī́-jávana, “rousing or inspiring the mind”)

 

Adjective

जू • (jū́) stem

1. quick, speedy, courser
2. inciting, driving

Declension

Masculine ū-stem declension of जू (jū́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	जूः jū́ḥ	जुवौ júvau	जुवः júvaḥ
Vocative	जूः jū́ḥ	जुवौ júvau	जुवः júvaḥ
Accusative	जुवम् júvam	जुवौ júvau	जुवः júvaḥ
Instrumental	जुवा juvā́	जूभ्याम् jūbhyā́m	जूभिः jūbhíḥ
Dative	जुवे / जुवै¹ juvé / juvaí¹	जूभ्याम् jūbhyā́m	जूभ्यः jūbhyáḥ
Ablative	जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै² juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²	जूभ्याम् jūbhyā́m	जूभ्यः jūbhyáḥ
Genitive	जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै² juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²	जुवोः juvóḥ	जुवाम् / जूनाम्¹ juvā́m / jūnā́m¹
Locative	जुवि / जुवाम्¹ juví / juvā́m¹	जुवोः juvóḥ	जूषु jūṣú
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Feminine ū-stem declension of जू (jū́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	जूः jū́ḥ	जुवौ júvau	जुवः júvaḥ
Vocative	जूः jū́ḥ	जुवौ júvau	जुवः júvaḥ
Accusative	जुवम् júvam	जुवौ júvau	जुवः júvaḥ
Instrumental	जुवा juvā́	जूभ्याम् jūbhyā́m	जूभिः jūbhíḥ
Dative	जुवे / जुवै¹ juvé / juvaí¹	जूभ्याम् jūbhyā́m	जूभ्यः jūbhyáḥ
Ablative	जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै² juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²	जूभ्याम् jūbhyā́m	जूभ्यः jūbhyáḥ
Genitive	जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै² juváḥ / juvā́ḥ¹ / juvaí²	जुवोः juvóḥ	जुवाम् / जूनाम्¹ juvā́m / jūnā́m¹
Locative	जुवि / जुवाम्¹ juví / juvā́m¹	जुवोः juvóḥ	जूषु jūṣú
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter u-stem declension of जु (jú)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	जु jú	जुनी júnī	जूनि / जु¹ / जू¹ jū́ni / jú¹ / jū́¹
Vocative	जु / जो jú / jó	जुनी júnī	जूनि / जु¹ / जू¹ jū́ni / jú¹ / jū́¹
Accusative	जु jú	जुनी júnī	जूनि / जु¹ / जू¹ jū́ni / jú¹ / jū́¹
Instrumental	जुना / ज्वा¹ júnā / jvā́¹	जुभ्याम् júbhyām	जुभिः júbhiḥ
Dative	जुने / जवे¹ / ज्वे¹ júne / jáve¹ / jvé¹	जुभ्याम् júbhyām	जुभ्यः júbhyaḥ
Ablative	जुनः / जोः¹ / ज्वः¹ júnaḥ / jóḥ¹ / jváḥ¹	जुभ्याम् júbhyām	जुभ्यः júbhyaḥ
Genitive	जुनः / जोः¹ / ज्वः¹ júnaḥ / jóḥ¹ / jváḥ¹	जुनोः júnoḥ	जूनाम् jūnā́m
Locative	जुनि / जौ¹ júni / jaú¹	जुनोः júnoḥ	जुषु júṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

जू • (jū) stem, f

1. speed
2. the atmosphere
3. a female goblin
4. Sarasvati
5. a spot on the forehead (?) of horses and oxen

Declension

Feminine ū-stem declension of जू (jū)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	जूः jūḥ	जुवौ juvau	जुवः juvaḥ
Vocative	जूः jūḥ	जुवौ juvau	जुवः juvaḥ
Accusative	जुवम् juvam	जुवौ juvau	जुवः juvaḥ
Instrumental	जुवा juvā	जूभ्याम् jūbhyām	जूभिः jūbhiḥ
Dative	जुवे / जुवै¹ juve / juvai¹	जूभ्याम् jūbhyām	जूभ्यः jūbhyaḥ
Ablative	जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै² juvaḥ / juvāḥ¹ / juvai²	जूभ्याम् jūbhyām	जूभ्यः jūbhyaḥ
Genitive	जुवः / जुवाः¹ / जुवै² juvaḥ / juvāḥ¹ / juvai²	जुवोः juvoḥ	जुवाम् / जूनाम्¹ juvām / jūnām¹
Locative	जुवि / जुवाम्¹ juvi / juvām¹	जुवोः juvoḥ	जूषु jūṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “जू”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 424/2.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 55
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 580-1