सर

See also: सुर, सारा, सिर, सूरा, and सार

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /səɾ/, [sɐɾ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian سر (sar). Cognate with Sanskrit शिरस् (śiras). Doublet of सिर (sir, “head”) and सिरा (sirā, “beginning”).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

1. (anatomy) head

   Synonym: सिर (sir)

2. top, tip, point
3. head, chief
4. (figuratively) conquer, subdue, overpower, win
5. one of the four top-valued playing cards

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit सर (sara).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

1. arrow

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sanskrit सरस् (saras).

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

1. lake

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English sir.

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

1. sir

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Sanskrit शर (śara)

Noun

सर • (sar) m (Urdu spelling سر)

1. Alternative spelling of शर (śar)

Declension

Declension of सर (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सर sar	सर sar
oblique	सर sar	सरों sarõ
vocative	सर sar	सरो saro

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• sara (Latin script)
• 𑀲𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• সর (Bengali script)
• සර (Sinhalese script)
• သရ (Burmese script)
• สร or สะระ (Thai script)
• ᩈᩁ (Tai Tham script)
• ສຣ or ສະຣະ (Lao script)
• សរ (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄢 (Chakma script)

Noun

सर m

1. Devanagari script form of sara (“arrow”)
2. Devanagari script form of sara (“sound”)
   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ‎^[1], page 2; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     तत्थ अक्खरेसु अकारादीसु ओदन्ता अत्थ सरा नाम होन्ति।

     Tattha akkharesu akārādīsu odantā aṭṭha sarā nāma honti.

     There amongst the letters are eight vowels, namely starting with 'a' and ending with 'o'

   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ‎^[2], page 18; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     सरम्‌हा परस्स ब्यञ्जनस्स द्वेभावो होति ठाने ।

     saram‌hā parassa byañjanassa dvebhāvo hoti ṭhāne.

     There is doubling of a consonant after a vowel when appropriate.

Noun

सर m or n

1. Devanagari script form of sara, which is alternative citation form of सरस् (saras, “lake”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬭ (Balinese script)
• সর (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• သရ (Burmese script)
• સર (Gujarati script)
• ਸਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಸರ (Kannada script)
• សរ (Khmer script)
• ສຣ (Lao script)
• സര (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐬 (Newa script)
• ସର (Odia script)
• ꢱꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖨 (Siddham script)
• සර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஸர (Tamil script)
• సర (Telugu script)
• สร (Thai script)
• ས་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root सृ (sṛ, “to run; glide”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɐ.ɾɐ/

Adjective

सर • (sará) stem

1. springer, runner
2. flower, speeder, glider, mover

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सर (sará)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सरः saráḥ	सरौ / सरा¹ saraú / sarā́¹	सराः / सरासः¹ sarā́ḥ / sarā́saḥ¹
Vocative	सर sára	सरौ / सरा¹ sárau / sárā¹	सराः / सरासः¹ sárāḥ / sárāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सरम् sarám	सरौ / सरा¹ saraú / sarā́¹	सरान् sarā́n
Instrumental	सरेण saréṇa	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरैः / सरेभिः¹ saraíḥ / sarébhiḥ¹
Dative	सराय sarā́ya	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरेभ्यः sarébhyaḥ
Ablative	सरात् sarā́t	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरेभ्यः sarébhyaḥ
Genitive	सरस्य sarásya	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सराणाम् sarā́ṇām
Locative	सरे saré	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सरेषु saréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of सरा (sarā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सरा sarā́	सरे saré	सराः sarā́ḥ
Vocative	सरे sáre	सरे sáre	सराः sárāḥ
Accusative	सराम् sarā́m	सरे saré	सराः sarā́ḥ
Instrumental	सरया / सरा¹ saráyā / sarā́¹	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सराभिः sarā́bhiḥ
Dative	सरायै sarā́yai	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सराभ्यः sarā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	सरायाः / सरायै² sarā́yāḥ / sarā́yai²	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सराभ्यः sarā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	सरायाः / सरायै² sarā́yāḥ / sarā́yai²	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सराणाम् sarā́ṇām
Locative	सरायाम् sarā́yām	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सरासु sarā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of सर (sará)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सरम् sarám	सरे saré	सराणि / सरा¹ sarā́ṇi / sarā́¹
Vocative	सर sára	सरे sáre	सराणि / सरा¹ sárāṇi / sárā¹
Accusative	सरम् sarám	सरे saré	सराणि / सरा¹ sarā́ṇi / sarā́¹
Instrumental	सरेण saréṇa	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरैः / सरेभिः¹ saraíḥ / sarébhiḥ¹
Dative	सराय sarā́ya	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरेभ्यः sarébhyaḥ
Ablative	सरात् sarā́t	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरेभ्यः sarébhyaḥ
Genitive	सरस्य sarásya	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सराणाम् sarā́ṇām
Locative	सरे saré	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सरेषु saréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

सर • (sará) stem, m

1. sound
2. arrow
3. water

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सर (sará)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सरः saráḥ	सरौ / सरा¹ saraú / sarā́¹	सराः / सरासः¹ sarā́ḥ / sarā́saḥ¹
Vocative	सर sára	सरौ / सरा¹ sárau / sárā¹	सराः / सरासः¹ sárāḥ / sárāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सरम् sarám	सरौ / सरा¹ saraú / sarā́¹	सरान् sarā́n
Instrumental	सरेण saréṇa	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरैः / सरेभिः¹ saraíḥ / sarébhiḥ¹
Dative	सराय sarā́ya	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरेभ्यः sarébhyaḥ
Ablative	सरात् sarā́t	सराभ्याम् sarā́bhyām	सरेभ्यः sarébhyaḥ
Genitive	सरस्य sarásya	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सराणाम् sarā́ṇām
Locative	सरे saré	सरयोः saráyoḥ	सरेषु saréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic