不在
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Chinese
[edit]not; no | (located) at; in; exist (located) at; in; exist; (before verbs) immediately involved in; right in the middle of doing | ||
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simp. and trad. (不在) |
不 | 在 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bùzài
- Wade–Giles: pu4-tsai4
- Yale: bù-dzài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: butzay
- Palladius: буцзай (buczaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 不再
不在
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bat1 zoi6
- Yale: bāt joih
- Cantonese Pinyin: bat7 dzoi6
- Guangdong Romanization: bed1 zoi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɐt̚⁵ t͡sɔːi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: put-chhai
- Hakka Romanization System: budˋ cai
- Hagfa Pinyim: bud5 cai4
- Sinological IPA: /put̚² t͡sʰai̯⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Middle Chinese: pjuw|pjuwX|pjut dzojX|dzojH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*pə [dz]ˤəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ' zlɯːʔ|zlɯːs/
Verb
[edit]不在
- to be not at; to be out (of something)
- (euphemistic) to be dead; to have passed away
Usage notes
[edit]In the euphemistic sense to be dead, it is usually followed by 了 (le) to indicate a change of state.
Synonyms
[edit]- (to be dead):
- 下世 (xiàshì) (formal)
- 上天 (shàngtiān) (euphemistic)
- 上路 (shànglù) (euphemistic)
- 不幸 (bùxìng) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
- 不祿/不禄 (bùlù) (archaic, euphemistic, of military officers)
- 亡
- 亡故 (wánggù) (literary)
- 仙逝 (xiānshì) (euphemistic)
- 仙遊/仙游 (xiānyóu) (euphemistic)
- 作古 (zuògǔ) (literary, euphemistic)
- 做鬼 (zuòguǐ) (colloquial)
- 傾世/倾世 (qīngshì) (literary)
- 傾亡/倾亡 (qīngwáng) (literary)
- 入寂 (rùjì) (Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
- 凋謝/凋谢 (diāoxiè) (to die of old age)
- 化去 (huàqù) (euphemistic)
- 升天 (shēngtiān) (euphemistic)
- 即世 (jíshì) (literary)
- 去世 (qùshì)
- 合眼 (héyǎn) (euphemistic)
- 喪亡/丧亡 (sàngwáng) (literary)
- 喪命/丧命 (sàngmìng) (euphemistic)
- 喪生/丧生 (sàngshēng) (euphemistic)
- 嗚呼/呜呼 (wūhū) (euphemistic)
- 嗝屁 (gěpì) (Mandarin, vulgar, dysphemistic)
- 嚥氣/咽气 (yànqì) (colloquial)
- 回老家 (huí lǎojiā) (euphemistic, humorous)
- 圓寂/圆寂 (yuánjì) (of Buddhist monks or nuns)
- 壽終正寢/寿终正寝 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn) (euphemistic)
- 失氣/失气 (shīqì) (literary)
- 安息 (ānxī) (euphemistic)
- 安眠 (ānmián) (euphemistic)
- 小喇叭兒吹了/小喇叭儿吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) (Beijing Mandarin)
- 就義/就义 (jiùyì) (to die a martyr)
- 崩 (bēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
- 崩殂 (bēngcú) (Classical, of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
- 彈老三/弹老三 (Northern Wu, informal, humorous)
- 往生 (wǎngshēng) (euphemistic)
- 忽然 (hūrán) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
- 掛/挂 (guà) (slang, humorous)
- 故 (gù)
- 故世 (gùshì) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
- 故去 (gùqù) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
- 斃命/毙命 (bìmìng) (pejorative)
- 早死 (zǎosǐ)
- 晏駕/晏驾 (yànjià) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
- 枯死 (kūsǐ) (literary, figurative)
- 棄世/弃世 (qìshì) (literary)
- 歸天/归天 (guītiān) (euphemistic)
- 歸西/归西 (guīxī) (euphemistic)
- 歸道山/归道山 (guī dàoshān) (literary, euphemistic)
- 死 (sǐ)
- 死亡 (sǐwáng) (formal)
- 死人 (sǐrén)
- 死去 (sǐqù) (informal)
- 死掉 (sǐdiào) (informal)
- 死翹翹/死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) (informal, humorous)
- 死脫/死脱 (5shi-theq) (Wu)
- 殞/殒 (yǔn) (archaic)
- 氣絕/气绝 (qìjué) (literary)
- 永眠 (yǒngmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
- 沒世/没世 (mòshì) (literary)
- 沉眠 (chénmián) (euphemistic)
- 消忒 (Hakka, euphemistic)
- 物化 (wùhuà) (literary)
- 狗帶/狗带 (gǒudài) (slang, neologism)
- 畢命/毕命 (bìmìng) (formal, euphemistic)
- 病亡 (bìngwáng) (to die of illness)
- 病故 (bìnggù) (to die of illness)
- 病死 (bìngsǐ) (to die of illness)
- 病逝 (bìngshì) (to die of illness)
- 瘐死 (yǔsǐ) (of deaths in prison)
- 百年歸老/百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
- 盡命/尽命 (jìnmìng) (literary, euphemistic)
- 終/终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds, euphemistic)
- 絕/绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
- 翹辮子/翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) (informal, humorous)
- 老了 (lǎo le) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
- 蒙主寵召/蒙主宠召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào) (Christianity, euphemistic)
- 薨 (hōng) (Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
- 薨逝 (hōngshì) (of feudal lords)
- 被難/被难 (bèinàn) (to be killed in a disaster, political incident, etc.)
- 見背/见背 (jiànbèi) (literary, of one's parents or elders)
- 見閻王/见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng) (figurative)
- 見馬克思/见马克思 (jiàn Mǎkèsī) (communism, euphemistic)
- 謝世/谢世 (xièshì) (literary)
- 賓天/宾天 (bīntiān) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
- 走 (zǒu) (euphemistic)
- 走去踮 (Hokkien, euphemistic)
- 身亡 (shēnwáng) (formal, usually from unnatural causes)
- 辭世/辞世 (císhì) (literary)
- 辭塵/辞尘 (cíchén) (literary, euphemistic)
- 逝世 (shìshì)
- 進棺材/进棺材 (jìn guāncái)
- 過世/过世 (guòshì)
- 過去/过去 (guòqù) (euphemistic)
- 過往/过往 (Hokkien, euphemistic, Teochew, euphemistic)
- 過身/过身 (guòshēn) (literary)
- 過面/过面 (Hokkien)
- 長山賣鴨卵/长山卖鸭卵 (Hakka, euphemistic)
- 長眠/长眠 (chángmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
- 閉眼/闭眼 (bìyǎn) (euphemistic)
- 隕落/陨落 (yǔnluò) (euphemistic)
- 離世/离世 (líshì) (euphemistic)
- 駕崩/驾崩 (jiàbēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
- 駕鶴西去/驾鹤西去 (jiàhèxīqù) (euphemistic)
- 駕鶴西遊/驾鹤西游 (jiàhèxīyóu) (euphemistic)
- 龍馭上賓/龙驭上宾 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (of an emperor)
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
不 | 在 |
ふ Grade: 4 |
ざい Grade: 5 |
goon |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- absence
- 1919, Takuboku Ishikawa, Kumo wa tensai de aru[1]:
- 不在かナと思ひましたが、歸つて來るまで待つ積りで上り込んで見ると、不在ぢやない、居るんです。
- Fuzai ka na to omoimashita ga, kaette kuru made matsu tsumori de agarikonde miru to, fuzai ja nai, iru n desu.
- I thought that he might be out, but when I entered [his house] with the intention of waiting for him to come back, I found that he was not out, he was there.
- 不在かナと思ひましたが、歸つて來るまで待つ積りで上り込んで見ると、不在ぢやない、居るんです。
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
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不 | 在 |
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Mandarin words containing 不 undergoing tone sandhi
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 不
- Chinese terms spelled with 在
- Chinese euphemisms
- zh:Death
- Japanese terms spelled with 不 read as ふ
- Japanese terms spelled with 在 read as ざい
- Japanese terms read with goon
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms