璞玉

Chinese

		unpolished gem	jade
trad. (璞玉)		璞	玉
simp. #(璞玉)		璞	玉

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): púyù

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ ㄩˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: púyù
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: púyù
    • Wade–Giles: pʻu²-yü⁴
    • Yale: pú-yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwuyuh
    • Palladius: пуюй (pujuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu³⁵ y⁵¹/

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• Middle Chinese: phaewk ngjowk

Rime
Character	璞	玉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	匹角切	魚欲切
Baxter	phaewk	ngjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰˠʌk̚/	/ŋɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰᵚɔk̚/	/ŋiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰɔk̚/	/ŋiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰaɨwk̚/	/ŋuawk̚/
Li Rong	/pʰɔk̚/	/ŋiok̚/
Wang Li	/pʰɔk̚/	/ŋĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰɔk̚/	/ŋi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	po	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pok3	juk6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰroːɡ  ŋoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	玉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjowk ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ](r)ok/ (< uvular?)
English	jade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	璞	玉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9880	15971
Phonetic component	菐	玉
Rime group	屋	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	璞	玉
Old Chinese	/*pʰroːɡ/	/*ŋoɡ/

Noun

璞玉

1. uncut or unpolished jade

   • 今有璞玉於此，雖萬鎰，必使玉人彫琢之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今有璞玉于此，虽万镒，必使玉人雕琢之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jīn yǒu púyù yú cǐ, suī wàn yì, bì shǐ yùrén diāozhuó zhī. [Pinyin]

     Here now you have a a piece of jade, unwrought, in the stone, though it may be worth 10,000 yi, you'll still surely employ a lapidary to cut and polish it.

   • 宋之鄙人得璞玉而獻之子罕。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     宋之鄙人得璞玉而献之子罕。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE

     Sòng zhī bǐrén dé púyù ér xiàn zhī Zǐhǎn. [Pinyin]

     A person from the country of Song obtained an uncut piece of jade and gave it to Zihan.

Derived terms

• 渾金璞玉／浑金璞玉
• 璞玉專案／璞玉专案
• 璞玉渾金／璞玉浑金
• 璞玉為石／璞玉为石