薪

薪 U+85AA, 薪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-85AA ← 薩 [U+85A9] CJK Unified Ideographs 薫 → [U+85AB]

Translingual

Han character

薪 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 17 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 16 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿卜木中 (TYDL), four-corner 4492₁, composition ⿱艹新)

Derived characters

• 𬅋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1062, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32149
• Dae Jaweon: page 1526, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3306, character 3
• Unihan data for U+85AA

Chinese

trad.		薪
simp. #		薪

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
親	*sʰin, *sʰins
寴	*sʰin, *sʰins
儭	*sʰins, *sʰrins
瀙	*sʰins, *ʔsrin, *sʰrins
辛	*siŋ
新	*siŋ
薪	*siŋ
襯	*sʰrins
櫬	*sʰrins
嚫	*t͡sʰrinh
莘	*sriŋ
騂	*seŋ
垶	*seŋ
觪	*seŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *siŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 新 (OC *siŋ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ ~ sik (“wood”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤིང (shing, “tree, wood”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, “log, timber, wood”). Compare its phonetic component 新 (OC *siŋ, “new”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, “new”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xīn (xin¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sîn

  (Hailu, HRS): sin^ˋ

• Eastern Min (BUC): sĭng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sin

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zing¹ / sing¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shin

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sin
    • Wade–Giles: hsin¹
    • Yale: syīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shin
    • Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: san¹
    • Yale: sān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sîn
    • Hakka Romanization System: xin^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xin¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sin²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: sin^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /sin⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin
    • Tâi-lô: sin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: syn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zing¹ / sing¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsing / sing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ³³/, /siŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹shin
    • MiniDict: shin^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕin⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: sin

Rime
Character	薪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息鄰切
Baxter	sin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/sin/
Shao Rongfen	/sjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sin/
Li Rong	/siĕn/
Wang Li	/sĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]i[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*siŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	薪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ sin ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]i[n]/
English	firewood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	薪
Reading #	1/1
No.	13812
Phonetic component	辛
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	新
Old Chinese	/*siŋ/

Definitions

薪

1. firewood; fuelwood; brushwood

   釜底抽薪  ―  fǔdǐchōuxīn  ―  to extract the firewood from under the cauldron; to take drastic measures to deal with a situation [idiom]

2. salary; wage

   月薪  ―  yuèxīn  ―  monthly salary

Compounds

• 乾薪／干薪 (gānxīn)
• 以蠟代薪／以蜡代薪
• 伐薪
• 低薪
• 凍薪／冻薪 (dòngxīn)
• 加薪 (jiāxīn)
• 半薪
• 厝火積薪／厝火积薪 (cuòhuǒjīxīn)
• 厝薪於火／厝薪于火
• 反裘負薪／反裘负薪
• 嘗膽臥薪／尝胆卧薪
• 噬指棄薪／噬指弃薪
• 坐薪嘗膽／坐薪尝胆
• 坐薪懸膽／坐薪悬胆
• 工薪 (gōngxīn)
• 年薪 (niánxīn)
• 底薪 (dǐxīn)
• 把薪助火
• 抱火臥薪／抱火卧薪
• 抱薪救火 (bàoxīn-jiùhuǒ)
• 抱薪救焚
• 抽薪止沸
• 披裘負薪／披裘负薪
• 支薪
• 救火投薪
• 曲突徙薪 (qūtūxǐxīn)
• 月薪 (yuèxīn)
• 未焚徙薪
• 本薪
• 束薪
• 杯水車薪／杯水车薪
• 枉突徙薪
• 析薪
• 柴薪 (cháixīn)
• 栗薪
• 欠薪 (qiànxīn)
• 減薪／减薪 (jiǎnxīn)
• 烏薪／乌薪
• 無薪假／无薪假 (wúxīnjià)
• 燃糠照薪
• 留職停薪／留职停薪
• 發薪／发薪 (fāxīn)
• 稱薪而爨／称薪而爨
• 稱薪量水／称薪量水
• 積薪厝火／积薪厝火
• 米珠薪桂
• 粒米束薪
• 索薪
• 臥薪嘗膽／卧薪尝胆 (wòxīnchángdǎn)
• 荊薪／荆薪
• 薪俸 (xīnfèng)
• 薪傳／薪传 (xīnchuán)
• 薪儲之費／薪储之费
• 薪桂米珠
• 薪樵
• 薪水 (xīnshuǐ)
• 薪津
• 薪火 (xīnhuǒ)
• 薪火相傳／薪火相传 (xīnhuǒxiāngchuán)
• 薪盡火傳／薪尽火传 (xīnjìnhuǒchuán)
• 薪給／薪给 (xīnjǐ)
• 薪資／薪资 (xīnzī)
• 薪酬 (xīnchóu)
• 薪金 (xīnjīn)
• 薪餉／薪饷 (xīnxiǎng)
• 調薪／调薪
• 負薪／负薪
• 負薪之憂／负薪之忧
• 負薪之疾／负薪之疾
• 負薪之病／负薪之病
• 負薪之議／负薪之议
• 負薪之資／负薪之资
• 負薪救火／负薪救火
• 負薪裘／负薪裘
• 買臣負薪／买臣负薪
• 起薪 (qǐxīn)
• 輿薪／舆薪
• 週薪／周薪
• 采薪之憂
• 采薪之疾
• 釜底抽薪 (fǔdǐchōuxīn)
• 降薪 (jiàngxīn)
• 雙薪家庭／双薪家庭
• 霜舂雨薪
• 高薪 (gāoxīn)
• 鬼薪

 

Japanese

Kanji

薪

(Jōyō kanji)

1. firewood; kindling

Readings

• On (unclassified): しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kun: たきぎ (takigi, 薪, Jōyō)、まき (maki, 薪)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
薪
たきぎ Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 薪 – see the following entry.

【たきぎ】 [noun] kindling; firewood Alternative spelling 焚き木

(This term, 薪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
薪
まき Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 薪 – see the following entry.

【まき】 [noun] firewood

(This term, 薪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

薪 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

薪: Hán Việt readings: tân
薪: Nôm readings: tân

1. chữ Hán form of tân (“firewood, grass, a salary or bonus”).