鬻

See also: 粥

鬻 U+9B3B, 鬻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B3B ← 鬺 [U+9B3A] CJK Unified Ideographs 鬼 → [U+9B3C]

Translingual

Han character

鬻 (Kangxi radical 193, 鬲+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 弓弓一口月 (NNMRB), four-corner 1722₇, composition ⿱粥鬲)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1459, character 45
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45721
• Dae Jaweon: page 1992, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4590, character 15
• Unihan data for U+9B3B

Chinese

trad.		鬻
simp. #		鬻
alternative forms		𧶠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (粥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
粥	*ʔljuɡ, *luɡ
鬻	*luɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *luɡ) : phonetic 䰜 (, “cauldron”) + semantic 米 (“rice”) — congee. 鬲 is a cauldron with three hollow legs, in which 米 (“rice”) is cooked. The two 弓 depict the steam emitted from the congee in the cauldron.

粥 (“congee”) is the reduced form of the character 鬻. 鬻 has since been phonetically borrowed to mean "to sell".

Etymology

"to sell"

Compare Khmer លក់ (lŭək, “to sell; to fine”) (Schuessler, 2007). May not be related to 贖 (OC *ɦljoɡ, “to redeem”).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): juk⁶
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeh⁷ / yeh⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): io̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iog⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yù
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yù
    • Wade–Giles: yü⁴
    • Yale: yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: juk⁶
    • Yale: yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: juk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊk̚²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: oeh⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /œʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yeh⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yøʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
    • Tâi-lô: io̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iog⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: io̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iok̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: yuwk

Rime
Character	鬻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余六切
Baxter	yuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juwk̚/
Li Rong	/iuk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	juk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-quk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*luɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬻
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ yuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-quk/
English	nourish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬻
Reading #	1/1
No.	17541
Phonetic component	粥
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	育
Old Chinese	/*luɡ/

Definitions

鬻

1. ^† to sell; to vend

   • 百里奚自鬻於秦養牲者，五羊之皮。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     百里奚自鬻于秦养牲者，五羊之皮。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Bǎilǐ Xī zì yù yú qín yǎng shēng zhě, wǔ yáng zhī pí. [Pinyin]

     Bai Li Xi sold himself to a cattle-keeper of Qin for the skins of five rams.

2. ^† to use; to usurp
3. ^† Alternative form of 育 (“to nourish”)

Synonyms

• (to sell):

edit

• 出售 (chūshòu)
• 出賣／出卖 (chūmài)
• 售 (shòu)
• 售出 (shòuchū)
• 售賣／售卖 (shòumài)
• 經銷／经销 (jīngxiāo) (to sell on consignment)
• 賣／卖 (mài)
• 賣出／卖出 (màichū)
• 銷／销 (xiāo)
• 銷售／销售 (xiāoshòu)

 

Compounds

• 典鬻 (diǎnyù)
• 炫鬻
• 獯鬻 (Xūnyù)
• 破家鬻子
• 販官鬻爵／贩官鬻爵
• 買官鬻爵／买官鬻爵
• 賣兒鬻女／卖儿鬻女 (mài'éryùnǚ)
• 賣妻鬻子／卖妻鬻子
• 質妻鬻子／质妻鬻子
• 賣官鬻爵／卖官鬻爵 (màiguān yù jué)
• 賣官鬻獄／卖官鬻狱
• 賣爵鬻子／卖爵鬻子
• 雇妻鬻子
• 鬻兒賣女／鬻儿卖女
• 鬻子
• 鬻官賣爵／鬻官卖爵
• 鬻德
• 鬻文
• 鬻歌
• 鬻獄／鬻狱 (yùyù)

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōu, zhù (zhou¹, zhu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ, ㄓㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhou
    • Wade–Giles: chou¹
    • Yale: jōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jou
    • Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
    • Wade–Giles: chu⁴
    • Yale: jù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zuk¹
    • Yale: jūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: zug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*t-quk/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬻
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*t-quk/
English	rice gruel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

鬻

1. ^† Alternative form of 粥 (“congee”)

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jū (ju¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jū
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyu
    • Wade–Giles: chü¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiu
    • Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

Definitions

鬻

1. ^† young and small; immature

References

• “鬻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “鬻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 293.

Japanese

Kanji

鬻

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to sell; to peddle

Readings

• Go-on: いく (iku)、しゅく (shuku)^{←しゆく (syuku, historical)}
• Kan-on: いく (iku)、しゅく (shuku)^{←しゆく (syuku, historical)}
• On: きく (kiku)、び (bi)
• Kun: かい (kai, 鬻)、かゆ (kayu, 鬻)、ひさぐ (hisagu, 鬻ぐ)、ひさく (hisaku, 鬻く)

Compounds

• 鬻(ひさき)人(びと) (hisakibito, “peddler”)
• 鬻(ひさき)女(め) (hisakime, “female peddler”)

Vietnamese

Han character

鬻: Hán Nôm readings: chúc, dục

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