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herja

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Faroese

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Etymology

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From Old Norse herja, from Proto-Germanic *harjōną.

Verb

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herja (third person singular past indicative herjaði, third person plural past indicative herjað, supine herjað)

  1. To wage war
  2. To ravage, to plunder

Conjugation

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Conjugation of herja (group v-30)
infinitive herja
supine herjað
participle (a6)1 herjandi herjaður
present past
first singular herji herjaði
second singular herjar herjaði
third singular herjar herjaði
plural herja herjaðu
imperative
singular herja!
plural herjið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Likely borrowed from Old Norse herja (compare Swedish härja (“to wage war”)). Cognate with Karelian herja (“bad, evil, villain”), Estonian heris (“villain”).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈherjɑ/, [ˈhe̞rjɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -erjɑ
  • Hyphenation(key): her‧ja

Noun

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herja

  1. slur, insult
  2. (informal) joking, banter, crack, quip
  3. (colloquial, computing) error, error message
  4. (archaic) villain
  5. (archaic) predator, beast of prey
  6. (archaic) evil spirit (of throat disease), demon

Declension

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Inflection of herja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative herja herjat
genitive herjan herjojen
partitive herjaa herjoja
illative herjaan herjoihin
singular plural
nominative herja herjat
accusative nom. herja herjat
gen. herjan
genitive herjan herjojen
herjain rare
partitive herjaa herjoja
inessive herjassa herjoissa
elative herjasta herjoista
illative herjaan herjoihin
adessive herjalla herjoilla
ablative herjalta herjoilta
allative herjalle herjoille
essive herjana herjoina
translative herjaksi herjoiksi
abessive herjatta herjoitta
instructive — herjoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of herja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative herjani herjani
accusative nom. herjani herjani
gen. herjani
genitive herjani herjojeni
herjaini rare
partitive herjaani herjojani
inessive herjassani herjoissani
elative herjastani herjoistani
illative herjaani herjoihini
adessive herjallani herjoillani
ablative herjaltani herjoiltani
allative herjalleni herjoilleni
essive herjanani herjoinani
translative herjakseni herjoikseni
abessive herjattani herjoittani
instructive — —
comitative — herjoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative herjasi herjasi
accusative nom. herjasi herjasi
gen. herjasi
genitive herjasi herjojesi
herjaisi rare
partitive herjaasi herjojasi
inessive herjassasi herjoissasi
elative herjastasi herjoistasi
illative herjaasi herjoihisi
adessive herjallasi herjoillasi
ablative herjaltasi herjoiltasi
allative herjallesi herjoillesi
essive herjanasi herjoinasi
translative herjaksesi herjoiksesi
abessive herjattasi herjoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — herjoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative herjamme herjamme
accusative nom. herjamme herjamme
gen. herjamme
genitive herjamme herjojemme
herjaimme rare
partitive herjaamme herjojamme
inessive herjassamme herjoissamme
elative herjastamme herjoistamme
illative herjaamme herjoihimme
adessive herjallamme herjoillamme
ablative herjaltamme herjoiltamme
allative herjallemme herjoillemme
essive herjanamme herjoinamme
translative herjaksemme herjoiksemme
abessive herjattamme herjoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — herjoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative herjanne herjanne
accusative nom. herjanne herjanne
gen. herjanne
genitive herjanne herjojenne
herjainne rare
partitive herjaanne herjojanne
inessive herjassanne herjoissanne
elative herjastanne herjoistanne
illative herjaanne herjoihinne
adessive herjallanne herjoillanne
ablative herjaltanne herjoiltanne
allative herjallenne herjoillenne
essive herjananne herjoinanne
translative herjaksenne herjoiksenne
abessive herjattanne herjoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — herjoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative herjansa herjansa
accusative nom. herjansa herjansa
gen. herjansa
genitive herjansa herjojensa
herjainsa rare
partitive herjaansa herjojaan
herjojansa
inessive herjassaan
herjassansa 		herjoissaan
herjoissansa
elative herjastaan
herjastansa 		herjoistaan
herjoistansa
illative herjaansa herjoihinsa
adessive herjallaan
herjallansa 		herjoillaan
herjoillansa
ablative herjaltaan
herjaltansa 		herjoiltaan
herjoiltansa
allative herjalleen
herjallensa 		herjoilleen
herjoillensa
essive herjanaan
herjanansa 		herjoinaan
herjoinansa
translative herjakseen
herjaksensa 		herjoikseen
herjoiksensa
abessive herjattaan
herjattansa 		herjoittaan
herjoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — herjoineen
herjoinensa

Quotations

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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compounds

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Icelandic

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Noun

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herja

  1. indefinite genitive plural of her

Norwegian Bokmål

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Alternative forms

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Verb

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herja

  1. inflection of herje:
    1. simple past
    2. past participle

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Norse herja, from Proto-Germanic *harjōną.

Verb

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herja (present tense herjar, past tense herja, past participle herja, passive infinitive herjast, present participle herjande, imperative herja/herj)

  1. to devastate, ravage, lay waste

References

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Old Norse

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *harjōną.

Verb

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herja

  1. to go harrying or freebooting
  2. (transitive, with accusative) to despoil, waste

Conjugation

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Conjugation of herja — active (weak class 2)
infinitive herja
present participle herjandi
past participle herjaðr
indicative present past
1st-person singular herja herjaða
2nd-person singular herjar herjaðir
3rd-person singular herjar herjaði
1st-person plural herjum herjuðum
2nd-person plural herið herjuðuð
3rd-person plural herja herjuðu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular herja herjaða
2nd-person singular herir herjaðir
3rd-person singular herir herjaði
1st-person plural herim herjaðim
2nd-person plural herið herjaðið
3rd-person plural heri herjaði
imperative present
2nd-person singular herja
1st-person plural herjum
2nd-person plural herið
Conjugation of herja — mediopassive (weak class 2)
infinitive herjask
present participle herjandisk
past participle herjazk
indicative present past
1st-person singular herjumk herjuðumk
2nd-person singular herjask herjaðisk
3rd-person singular herjask herjaðisk
1st-person plural herjumsk herjuðumsk
2nd-person plural herizk herjuðuzk
3rd-person plural herjask herjuðusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular herjumk herjuðumk
2nd-person singular herisk herjaðisk
3rd-person singular herisk herjaðisk
1st-person plural herimsk herjaðimsk
2nd-person plural herizk herjaðizk
3rd-person plural herisk herjaðisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular herjask
1st-person plural herjumsk
2nd-person plural herizk

Descendants

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  • Icelandic: herja
  • Faroese: herja
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: herja
  • Old Swedish: hæria
  • Old Danish: hæriæ

References

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  • “herja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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