hoof

See also: Hoof

English

Etymology

From Middle English hoof, hof, from Old English hōf, from Proto-Germanic *hōfaz (compare West Frisian hoef, Dutch hoef, German Huf, Danish hov, Norwegian hov, Swedish hov), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós (compare Sanskrit शफ (śaphá, “hoof, claw”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬟𐬀 (safa, “hoof”), possibly Czech, Polish kopyto).

Pronunciation

• (US) enPR: ho͝of, ho͞of, IPA^(key): /hʊf/, /huːf/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːf, -ʊf

Noun

hooves of a horse.

hoof (plural hooves or hoofs)

2. The tip of a toe of an ungulate such as a horse, ox or deer, strengthened by a thick keratin covering.
   • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 2:

     […] I ſee
     Th’ Inſulting Tyrant prancing o’er the Field
     Strow’d with Rome’s Citizens, and drench’d in Slaughter,
     His Horſe’s Hoofs wet with Patrician Blood.

4. (slang, derogatory) The human foot.

   Get your hooves off me!

   • 1929, Robert Dean Frisbee, The Book of Puka-Puka, Eland, published 2019, page 110:

     He is a huge man, six feet four on bare hoofs and composed of two hundred and seventy pounds of solid bone and muscle.

6. (geometry, dated) An ungula.
7. The heel of a loaf of bread.

Derived terms

• ale-hoof
• beat the hoof
• beef on the hoof
• beef to the hoof
• cloven hoof
• hoof-and-mouth disease
• hoof fungus
• hoof-mark
• hoof pick
• hoofprint
• horse's hoof
• hot-hoof
• iron hoof
• on the hoof
• pad the hoof
• show the cloven hoof
• steak on the hoof

Related terms

• hoofed

Translations

tip of a toe of ungulates

• Albanian: thundër (sq) f
• Arabic: حافِر m (ḥāfir), ظِلْف m (ẓilf), خُفّ m (ḵuff)

  Egyptian Arabic: حافر m (ḥāfir)

• Armenian: սմբակ (hy) (smbak), կճղակ (hy) (kčġak), պճեղ (hy) (pčeġ)
• Asturian: pezuña f
• Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬟𐬀 (safa)
• Azerbaijani: dırnaq (az)
• Baluchi: سرنب (surunb), سرمب (surumb), سرم (surum)
• Bashkir: тояҡ (toyaq)
• Basque: apo, apatx
• Bats: ჭალკო̆ (č̣alḳŏ)
• Belarusian: капы́т m (kapýt)
• Bengali: খুর (bn) (khur)
• Bulgarian: копи́то (bg) n (kopíto)
• Burmese: ခွာ (my) (hkwa)
• Buryat: туруун (turuun)
• Catalan: peülla (ca) f
• Central Sierra Miwok: háṭ·e·-
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 蹄 (zh) (tí), 蹢 (zh) (dí)

• Chukchi: яйпыԓгын (jajpyḷgyn), ейпыт pl (ejpyt)
• Chuvash: чӗрне (čĕrne)
• Crimean Tatar: tuyaq
• Czech: kopyto (cs) n
• Danish: hov c
• Dongxiang: ghimusun
• Dutch: hoef (nl) m
• Egyptian: (wḥmt f)
• Esperanto: hufo
• Estonian: kabi
• Faroese: hógvur m
• Finnish: kavio (fi), sorkka (fi) (hoof of artiodactyls)
• French: sabot (fr) m
• Galician: pesuño m, presuño m, uña (gl) f, pezuño m, vaso (gl) m
• Georgian: ჩლიქი (čliki)
• German: Huf (de) m
• Greek: οπλή (el) f (oplí)

  Ancient: ὁπλή f (hoplḗ)

• Haitian Creole: zago
• Hawaiian: maiʻao
• Hebrew: פַּרְסָה (he) f (parsa)
• Hindi: खुर (hi) m (khur)
• Hungarian: pata (hu)
• Icelandic: hófur (is) m, klauf f
• Indonesian: kuku (id)
• Irish: crúb f
• Italian: zoccolo (it) m
• Japanese: 蹄 (ja) (hizume)
• Kalmyk: турун (turun)
• Kazakh: тұяқ (tūäq)
• Khmer: ក្រចក (km) (krɑcɑɑk) (also :nail", "claw")
• Korean: 굽 (ko) (gup)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: sim (ku) m

• Kyrgyz: туяк (ky) (tuyak)
• Lao: ກີບ (lo) (kīp)
• Latin: ungula f
• Latvian: nags (lv) m
• Lithuanian: kanopa f
• Macedonian: копито n (kopito)
• Malay: telapuk
• Malayalam: കുളമ്പ് (ml) (kuḷampŭ)
• Manchu: ᡶᠠᡨᡥᠠ (fatha)
• Maori: pāua, kuku
• Mingrelian: ჩირქე (čirke)
• Mongolian: туурай (mn) (tuuraj)
• Norman: chabot m, chavette f, cône du pied (Sark)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hov m

  Nynorsk: hov m or f

• Occitan: bata (oc) f
• Old English: hōf m
• Old Norse: hófr m
• Old Turkic: 𐱃𐰆𐰖𐰆𐰍 (t¹uy¹uǧ)
• Ossetian: сӕфтӕг (sæftæg)
• Ottoman Turkish: طویناق (toynaq), طرناق (tırnaq)
• Pashto: سوه (ps) f (swa), څوه f (cwa)
• Persian: سم (fa) (som), سپل (fa) (sapal)
• Polish: kopyto (pl) n
• Portuguese: casco (pt) m, pata (pt) f, pezunho (pt) m
• Quechua: sillu
• Romanian: copită (ro) f
• Russian: копы́то (ru) n (kopýto)
• Sanskrit: शफ (sa) m (śapha)
• Scottish Gaelic: ladhar m, ìne f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ко̀пито n

  Roman: kòpito (sh) n

• Shor: туйғақ
• Sinhalese: කුර ? (kura)
• Slovak: kopyto n
• Slovene: kopíto (sl) n
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: kopyto n

  Upper Sorbian: kopyto n

• Spanish: pezuña (es) f, casco (es) m
• Swahili: ukwato
• Swedish: hov (sv) c, klöv (sv) c
• Tajik: сум (sum)
• Tamil: குளம்பு (ta) (kuḷampu)
• Taos: kòwmą̏celéna
• Tatar: тояк (tt) (toyak)
• Telugu: గిట్ట (te) (giṭṭa)
• Thai: กีบ (th) (gìip)
• Tibetan: རྨིག་པ (rmig pa)
• Turkish: tırnak (tr) (lit., nail; to express the hoof of a particular animal, give the animal's name first, then tırnağı: e.g., cow hoof = inek tırnağı), toynak (tr)
• Turkmen: toýnak
• Tuvan: дуюг (duyug)
• Ukrainian: копи́то n (kopýto), копито́ n (kopytó)
• Urdu: کھر m (khur)
• Uyghur: تۇياق (ug) (tuyaq)
• Uzbek: tuyoq (uz)
• Vietnamese: guốc (vi), móng (vi)
• Volapük: saf (vo)
• Welsh: carn (cy) m
• Yakut: туйах (tuyaq)
• Yiddish: קאָפּעטע ? (kopete)

slang: human foot

• Finnish: sorkka (fi)
• Haitian Creole: zago
• Italian: zampa (it) f
• Portuguese: pata (pt) f
• Sicilian: ciampa (scn) f, stampa f, pidazzu m

Verb

hoof (third-person singular simple present hoofs, present participle hoofing, simple past and past participle hoofed)

1. To trample with hooves.
2. (colloquial) To walk.
3. (informal) To dance, especially as a professional.
4. (colloquial, football (soccer), transitive) To kick, especially to kick a football a long way downfield with little accuracy.

   Synonym: boot

Alternative forms

• hoove

Derived terms

• hoofer
• hoof it
• hoof out

 

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch hoofd, Middle Dutch hovet, from Old Dutch hōvit, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą. Doublet of sjef.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦʊə̯f/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

hoof (plural hoofde)

1. head

Derived terms

• doodshoof
• hoofpyn
• hoofstad
• hoofstuk

 

Limburgish

Alternative forms

• Hoff (Eupen)
• haof
• hoaf (Southeast Limburgish)
• Hooef (Krefeld)

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hof, from Old Dutch hof, from Proto-West Germanic *hof, from Proto-Germanic *hufą.

Noun

hoof m

1. garden (an outdoor area containing one or more types of plants)