kaupa
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Estonian
[edit]Noun
[edit]kaupa
Icelandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]kaupa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative keypti, supine keypt)
- (transitive, governs the accusative) to buy
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að kaupa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
keypt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
kaupandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég kaupi | við kaupum | present (nútíð) |
ég kaupi | við kaupum |
þú kaupir | þið kaupið | þú kaupir | þið kaupið | ||
hann, hún, það kaupir | þeir, þær, þau kaupa | hann, hún, það kaupi | þeir, þær, þau kaupi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég keypti | við keyptum | past (þátíð) |
ég keypti | við keyptum |
þú keyptir | þið keyptuð | þú keyptir | þið keyptuð | ||
hann, hún, það keypti | þeir, þær, þau keyptu | hann, hún, það keypti | þeir, þær, þau keyptu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
kaup (þú) | kaupið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
kauptu | kaupiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að kaupast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
keypst | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
kaupandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég kaupist | við kaupumst | present (nútíð) |
ég kaupist | við kaupumst |
þú kaupist | þið kaupist | þú kaupist | þið kaupist | ||
hann, hún, það kaupist | þeir, þær, þau kaupast | hann, hún, það kaupist | þeir, þær, þau kaupist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég keyptist | við keyptumst | past (þátíð) |
ég keyptist | við keyptumst |
þú keyptist | þið keyptust | þú keyptist | þið keyptust | ||
hann, hún, það keyptist | þeir, þær, þau keyptust | hann, hún, það keyptist | þeir, þær, þau keyptust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
- (þú) | - (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
-u | -i * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
keyptur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
keyptur | keypt | keypt | keyptir | keyptar | keypt | |
accusative (þolfall) |
keyptan | keypta | keypt | keypta | keyptar | keypt | |
dative (þágufall) |
keyptum | keyptri | keyptu | keyptum | keyptum | keyptum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
keypts | keyptrar | keypts | keyptra | keyptra | keyptra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
keypti | keypta | keypta | keyptu | keyptu | keyptu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
keypta | keyptu | keypta | keyptu | keyptu | keyptu | |
dative (þágufall) |
keypta | keyptu | keypta | keyptu | keyptu | keyptu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
keypta | keyptu | keypta | keyptu | keyptu | keyptu |
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]kaupa
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with English cheap, German kaufen. Common Germanic of debated etymology:
- Proto-Germanic *kaupaz (noun), from Latin caupō (“tradesman”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌽 (kaupōn, “barter”).
- Of native origin, going on Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (kaupatjan, “strike, cuff”), which is morphologically compatible with kaupa. Senses in other languages derived by relating striking (of hands) to transaction, as with strike a bargain, slá kaup.[1]
Verb
[edit]kaupa
- to buy
Conjugation
[edit]Note the vowel change (kaupa – keypti).
Conjugation of kaupa — active (weak class 1)
infinitive | kaupa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | kaupandi | |
past participle | keyptr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | kaupi | keypta |
2nd-person singular | kaupir | keyptir |
3rd-person singular | kaupir | keypti |
1st-person plural | kaupum | keyptum |
2nd-person plural | kaupið | keyptuð |
3rd-person plural | kaupa | keyptu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | kaupa | keypta |
2nd-person singular | kaupir | keyptir |
3rd-person singular | kaupi | keypti |
1st-person plural | kaupim | keyptim |
2nd-person plural | kaupið | keyptið |
3rd-person plural | kaupi | keypti |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | kaup, kaupi | |
1st-person plural | kaupum | |
2nd-person plural | kaupið |
Conjugation of kaupa — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive | kaupask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | kaupandisk | |
past participle | keypsk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | kaupumk | keyptumk |
2nd-person singular | kaupisk | keyptisk |
3rd-person singular | kaupisk | keyptisk |
1st-person plural | kaupumsk | keyptumsk |
2nd-person plural | kaupizk | keyptuzk |
3rd-person plural | kaupask | keyptusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | kaupumk | keyptumk |
2nd-person singular | kaupisk | keyptisk |
3rd-person singular | kaupisk | keyptisk |
1st-person plural | kaupimsk | keyptimsk |
2nd-person plural | kaupizk | keyptizk |
3rd-person plural | kaupisk | keyptisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | kaupsk, kaupisk | |
1st-person plural | kaupumsk | |
2nd-person plural | kaupizk |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: kaupa
- Faroese: keypa
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kaupa, kjøpa
- Old Swedish: kø̄pa
- Swedish: köpa
- Old Danish: køpæ
- → Finnish: kauppa
References
[edit]- “kaupa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ George Hempl, University of Michigan. "Etymologies - Cheap, cope, coup, kaupatjan, caupo, κάπηλος, etc." Modern language notes, Volume 17, pp. 210-212. Johns Hopkins University, JSTOR, via Google Books.
Categories:
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːpa
- Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːpa/2 syllables
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic transitive verbs
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic noun forms
- Most used Icelandic verbs
- Old Norse terms derived from Germanic languages
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Latin
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 1 weak long-stem verbs
- Old Norse irregular verbs