latvis

Latvian

Etymology

Presumably from earlier *latuvis or *latavis, apparently from a proper name *Latuva or *Latava, applying to some region or river (cf. similar river names in Lithuania: Latavà, Latuvà, also Lãtupis. The initial element Lat-, also found in latgalis (“Latgalian”), may itself have come from an old river name *Lata, perhaps from Proto-Baltic *lat-, from Proto-Indo-European *lat-, *let-, *lot- (“to flow”), reflected in Old Irish laith (“liquid; ale, liquor”) (< *lati), lathach (“silt, mud”) (< *latàkā), Old Norse leþja (“clay; dregs, sludge”), Old High German letto (“clay”), and perhaps Ancient Greek λάταξ (látax, “drop”).

There are other river and lake names in Europe with a possibly related element lat-, let- in them (Letes, Late, Latupi, Lator patak, Latorica, Lataná). The term latvis, mentioned since the 17th century, was in principle replaced by latvietis already in the 19th century, but was reintroduced into the standard language from poetry. Cognates include Lithuanian lãtvis, Russian латыш (latyš), Polish Łotysz, German Lette, English Lett, Estonian läti, Finnish lätti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [latvis]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

latvis m (2nd declension, feminine form: latve)

1. a (male) Latvian, a Lett; a member of the Latvian ethnic group
2. (genitive plural): Latvian, pertaining to Latvia and its people

   latvju dainas ― Latvian folk songs

   latvju zeme ― the Latvian land

   latvju strēlnieki ― Latvian riflemen

Usage notes

The word latvis is a synonym of latvietis, but it is less frequently used, and more often than not refers to ancient Latvians, or Latvians as an ethnic group.

Declension

Declension of latvis (2nd declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	latvis	latvji
accusative (akuzatīvs)	latvi	latvjus
genitive (ģenitīvs)	latvja	latvju
dative (datīvs)	latvim	latvjiem
instrumental (instrumentālis)	latvi	latvjiem
locative (lokatīvs)	latvī	latvjos
vocative (vokatīvs)	latvi	latvji

Synonyms

• latvietis

Derived terms

• latviešu valoda, latvju valoda
• Latvija, Latve
• latvisks

Descendants

• → German: Lette
• → Russian: латы́ш (latýš)

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Latvian latvietis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlaːtʲʋʲɪs]

Noun

lãtvis m (plural lãtviai, feminine latvė) stress pattern 2

1. Latvian; a man from Latvia
2. (in the plural) Latvians in general

Declension

Declension of lãtvis

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	lãtvis	lãtviai
genitive (kilmininkas)	lãtvio	lãtvių
dative (naudininkas)	lãtviui	lãtviams
accusative (galininkas)	lãtvį	latviùs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	latviù	lãtviais
locative (vietininkas)	lãtvyje	lãtviuose
vocative (šauksmininkas)	lãtvi	lãtviai

Derived terms

• latviškas
  • latviškai

Related terms

• Latvija