Anexo:Estrellas variables
Apariencia
Existen más de 50 000 estrellas variables conocidas, por lo que una lista completa de estrellas variables es imposible. La siguiente lista recoge aquellas variables más conocidas, más brillantes, más significativas o más interesantes por cualquier otro motivo.
Denominación (nombre) | Constelación | Descubrimiento | Magnitud aparente * (Máxima) | Magnitud aparente * (Mínima) | Período | Tipo | Notas |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AQ And | Andrómeda | 7m.7 | 9m.5 | 169 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
R And | Andrómeda | 5m.8 | 14m.9 | 409 d | Mira (M) | ||
S And (SN 1885A) | Andrómeda | Ernst Hartwig, 20 de agosto de 1885 | 5m.8 | <16m | - | Supernova (SNI) | |
U Ant | Antlia | 8m.1 (p) | 9m.7 (p) | - | LB | ||
θ Aps | Apus | 6m.4 (p) | 8m.6 (p) | 119 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
η Aql | Aquila | Pigott, 1784 | 3m.48 | 4m.39 | 7.17664 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | |
R Aql | Aquila | 5m.5 | 12m.0 | 284 d | Mira (M) | ||
V Aql | Aquila | 6m.6 | 8m.4 | 353 d | Semiregular (SRB) | ||
W Aql | Aquila | 7m.3 | 14m.3 | 490 d | Mira (M) | ||
FF Aql | Aquila | 5m.18 | 5m.68 | 4.47092 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
R Aqr | Acuario | Karl Ludwig Harding, 1811 | 5m.8 | 12m.4 | 387 d | Mira (M) | |
T Aqr | Acuario | 7m.2 | 14m.2 | 202 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Ara | Ara | 7m.7 | 14m.1 | 225 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Ari | Aries | 7m.4 | 13m.7 | 187 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Ari | Aries | 7m.2 | 15m.2 | 371 d | Mira (M) | ||
V Ari | Aries | 8m.45 | 8m.90 | 58,7 d | Semirregular (SRC) | ||
RZ Ari | Aries | 5m.62 | 6m.01 | 30.0 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
ε Aur (Almaaz) | Auriga | J.H. Fritsch, 1821 | 2m.92 | 3m.83 | 27.08 años | Algol (EA/GS) | |
R Aur | Auriga | 6m.7 | 13m.9 | 458 d | Mira (M) | ||
AE Aur | Auriga | 5m.78 | 6m.08 | - | Variable Orión (INA) | ||
R Boo | Bootes | 6m.2 | 13m.1 | 223 d | Mira (M) | ||
W Boo | Bootes | 4m.73 | 5m.4 | ~450 d | Semirregular (SRB:) | ||
X Cam | Camelopardalis | 7m.4 | 14m.2 | 144 d | Mira (M) | ||
Z Cam | Camelopardalis | 10m.0 | 14m.5 | - | prototipo UGZ | ||
VZ Cam | Camelopardalis | 4m.80 | 4m.96 | 23.7 d | Semirregular (SR) | ||
R Cap | Capricornus | Hind, 1848 | 9m.4 | 14m.9 | 345 d | Mira (M) | |
η Car | Carina | Burchell, 1827 | -0m.8 | 7m.9 | - | Variable S Doradus (SDOR) | "La supergigante impredecible" |
l Car | Carina | 3m.28 | 4m.18 | 35.53584 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
R Car | Carina | 3m.9 | 10m.5 | 309 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Car | Carina | 4m.5 | 9m.9 | 149 d | Mira (M) | ||
γ Cas | Casiopea | 1m.6 | 3m.0 | - | Gamma Cassiopeiae (GCAS) | ||
R Cas | Casiopea | 4m.7 | 13m.5 | 430 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Cas | Casiopea | 7m.9 | 16m.1 | 612 d | Mira (M) | ||
W Cas | Casiopea | 7m.8 | 12m.5 | 406 d | Mira (M) | ||
WZ Cas | Casiopea | 9m.4 | 11m.4 | 366 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
R Cen | Centaurus | 5m.3 | 11m.8 | 546 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Cen | Centaurus | 9m.2 (p) | 10m.7 (p) | 65 d | Semirregular (SR) | ||
T Cen | Centaurus | 5m.5 | 9m.0 | 90.44 d | Semirregular (SRA) | ||
U Cen | Centaurus | 7m.0 | 14m.0 | 220 d | Mira (M) | ||
TT Cen | Centaurus | 11m.5 | 16m.5 | 462 d | Mira (M) | ||
XX Cen | Centaurus | 7m.30 | 8m.31 | 10.95351 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
V645 Cen (Próxima Centauri) | Centaurus | 12m.1 (B) | 13m.12 (B) | - | UV Ceti (UV) | La estrella más cercana al Sol | |
δ Cep | Cefeo | John Goodricke, 1784 | 3m.48 | 4m.37 | 5.36634 d | prototipo de Cefeida (DCEP) | Estrella doble visible con binoculares |
μ Cep | Cefeo | William Herschel, 1782 | 3m.43 | 5m.1 | 730 d | Semirregular (SRC) | |
S Cep | Cefeo | 7m.4 | 12m.9 | 487 d | Mira (M) | ||
T Cep | Cefeo | 5m.2 | 11m.3 | 388 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Cep | Cefeo | 6m.75 | 9m.24 | 2.49305 d | Algol (EA/SD) | ||
SS Cep | Cefeo | 8m.0 (p) | 9m.1 (p) | 90 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
AR Cep | Cefeo | 7m.0 | 7m.9 | - | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
ο Cet (Mira) | Cetus | David Fabricius, 1596; la variabilidad puede haber sido descubierta por Johannes Fokkes Holwarda, 1638 | 2m.0 | 10m.1 | 332 d | Mira (M) | "Maravillosa" |
T Cet | Cetus | 5m.0 | 6m.9 | 159 d | Semirregular (SRC) | ||
U Cet | Cetus | 6m.8 | 13m.4 | 235 d | Mira (M) | ||
W Cet | Cetus | 7m.1 | 14m.8 | 351 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Cha | Chamaeleon | 7m.5 | 14m.2 | 335 d | Mira (M) | ||
R CMa | Canis Major | 5m.70 | 6m.34 | 1.13594 d | Algol (EA/SD) | ||
VY CMa | Canis Major | 6m.5 | 9m.6 | - | única | ||
FW CMa | Canis Major | 5m.00 | 5m.50 | - | Gamma Cassiopeiae (GCAS) | ||
S CMi | Canis Minor | 6m.6 | 13m.2 | 333 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Cnc | Cáncer | 6m.07 | 11m.8 | 362 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Cnc | Cáncer | Hind, 1848 | 8m.29 | 10m.25 | 9.48455 d | Algol (EA/DS) | |
T Cnc | Cáncer | Hind, 1850 | 7m.6 | 10m.5 | 482 d | Semirregular (SRB) | |
X Cnc | Cáncer | 5m.6 | 7m.5 | ~195 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
T Col | Columba | 6m.6 | 12m.7 | 226 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Com | Coma Berenices | 7m.1 | 14m.6 | 363 d | Mira (M) | ||
α CrB (Alphecca) | Corona Borealis | 2m.21 (B) | 2m.32 (B) | 17.35991 d | Algol (EA/DM) | ||
R CrB | Corona Borealis | Pigott, 1795 | 5m.71 | 14m.8 | - | R Coronae Borealis (RCB) | |
S CrB | Corona Borealis | 5m.8 | 14m.1 | 360 d | Mira (M) | ||
T CrB | Corona Borealis | 2m.0 | 10m.8 | (80 años) | Nova recurrente (NR) | ||
U CrB | Corona Borealis | 7m.66 | 8m.79 | 3.45220 d | Algol (EA/SD) | ||
V CrB | Corona Borealis | 6m.9 | 12m.6 | 358 d | Mira (M) | ||
W CrB | Corona Borealis | 7m.8 | 14m.3 | 238 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Cru | Crux | 6m.40 | 7m.23 | 5.82575 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
R Crv | Corvus | 6m.7 | 14m.4 | 317 d | Mira (M) | ||
χ Cyg | Cygnus | Kirch, 1686 | 3m.3 | 14m.2 | 408 d | Mira (M) | |
R Cyg | Cygnus | 6m.1 | 14m.4 | 426 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Cyg | Cygnus | 5m.9 | 12m.1 | 463 d | Mira (M) | ||
W Cyg | Cygnus | 6m.80 (B) | 8m.9 (B) | 131 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
X Cyg | Cygnus | 5m.85 | 6m.91 | 16.38633 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
RT Cyg | Cygnus | 6m.0 | 13m.1 | 190 d | Mira (M) | ||
SS Cyg | Cygnus | 7m.7 | 12m.4 | (49.5 d) | prototipo UGSS | ||
SU Cyg | Cygnus | 6m.44 | 7m.22 | 3.84555 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
TT Cyg | Cygnus | 10m.2 | 11m.9 | 118 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
CH Cyg | Cygnus | 5m.60 | 8m.49 | - | Z Andromedae (ZAND+SR) | ||
R Del | Delphinus | 7m.6 | 13m.8 | 285 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Del | Delphinus | 7m.6 (p) | 8m.9 (p) | ~110 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
EU Del | Delphinus | 5m.79 | 6m.9 | 59.7 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
β Dor | Dorado | 3m.46 | 4m.08 | 9.8426 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
S Dor | Dorado | 8m.6 (B) | 11m.5 (B) | - | prototipo SDOR | en la Gran Nube de Magallanes | |
R Dra | Draco | 6m.7 | 13m.2 | 246 d | Mira (M) | ||
T Eri | Eridanus | 7m.2 | 13m.2 | 252 d | Mira (M) | ||
R For | Fornax | 7m.5 | 13m.0 | 389 d | Mira (M) | ||
η Gem (Tejat Prior) | Géminis | 3m.15 | 3m.9 | 233 d | Semirregular (SRA+EA) | ||
ζ Gem (Mekbuda) | Géminis | 3m.62 | 4m.18 | 10.15073 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
R Gem | Géminis | Hind, 1848 | 6m.0 | 14m.0 | 370 d | Mira (M) | |
S Gem | Géminis | Hind, 1848 | 8m.0 | 14m.7 | 293 d | Mira (M) | |
T Gem | Géminis | Hind, 1848 | 8m.0 | 15m.0 | 288 d | Mira (M) | |
U Gem | Géminis | 8m.2 | 14m.9 | (105.2 d) | Nova enana (UGSS+E) | ||
TU Gem | Géminis | 9m.4 | 12m.5 | 230 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
S Gru | Grus | 6m.0 | 15m.0 | 402 d | Mira (M) | ||
α Her (Ras Algethi) | Hércules | William Herschel, 1759 | 2m.74 | 4m.0 | - | Semirregular (SRC) | |
g Her (30 Herculis) | Hércules | 4m.3 | 6m.3 | 89.2 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
u Her (68 Herculis) | Hércules | 4m.69 | 5m.37 | 2.05103 d | Algol (EA/SD) | ||
S Her | Hércules | 6m.4 | 13m.8 | 307 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Her | Hércules | 6m.4 | 13m.4 | 406 d | Mira (M) | ||
X Her | Hércules | 7m.5 (p) | 8m.6 (p) | 95.0 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
R Hor | Horologium | 4m.7 | 14m.3 | 408 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Hor | Horologium | 7m.8 (p) | <15m.1 (p) | 348 d | Mira (M) | ||
TW Hor | Horologium | 5m.52 | 5m.95 | 158 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
R Hya | Hydra | Maraldi, 1704 | 3m.5 | 10m.9 | 389 d | Mira (M) | |
S Hya | Hydra | Hind, 1848 | 7m.2 | 13m.3 | 257 d | Mira (M) | |
U Hya | Hydra | 7m.0 (B) | 9m.4 (B) | ~450 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
VW Hya | Hydra | 10m.5 | 14m.1 | 2.69642 d | Algol (EA/SD) | ||
EW Lac | Lacerta | 5m.22 | 5m.48 | - | Gamma Cassiopeiae (GCAS) | ||
R Leo | Leo | Koch, 1782 | 4m.4 | 11m.3 | 310 d | Mira (M) | |
R Lep | Lepus | 5m.5 | 11m.7 | 427 d | Mira (M) | Estrella carmesí de Hind | |
RX Lep | Lepus | 5m.0 | 7m.4 | ~60 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
R LMi | Leo Minor | 6m.3 | 13m.2 | 372 d | Mira (M) | ||
RU Lup | Lupus | 9m.6 (p) | 13m.4 (p) | - | Variable Orión (INT) | ||
R Lyn | Lynx | 7m.2 | 14m.3 | 378.75 d | Mira (M) | ||
RR Lyn | Lynx | 5m.52 | 6m.03 | 9.94508 d | Algol (EA/DM) | ||
β Lyr | Lyra | John Goodricke, 1784 | 3m.25 | 4m.36 | 12.91383 d | prototipo EB | |
R Lyr | Lyra | 3m.88 | 5m.0 | ~46 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
RR Lyr | Lyra | 7m.06 | 8m.12 | 0.566868 d | prototipo RRAB | ||
U Mic | Microscopium | 7m.0 | 14m.4 | 334 d | Mira (M) | ||
T Mon | Monoceros | 5m.58 | 6m.62 | 27.0246 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
U Mon | Monoceros | 6m.1 (p) | 8m.8 (p) | 91.3 d | Variable RV Tauri (RVB) | ||
V Mon | Monoceros | 6m.0 | 13m.9 | 341 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Mus | Musca | 5m.89 | 6m.49 | 9.66007 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
R Nor | Norma | 6m.5 (p) | 13m.9 (p) | 508 d | Mira (M) | ||
T Nor | Norma | 6m.2 | 13m.6 | 241 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Oct | Octans | 6m.4 | 13m.2 | 405 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Oct | Octans | 7m.2 | 14m.0 | 259 d | Mira (M) | ||
V Oph | Ophiuchus | 7m.3 | 11m.6 | 297 d | Mira (M) | ||
X Oph | Ophiuchus | 5m.9 | 9m.2 | 329 d | Mira (M) | ||
RS Oph | Ophiuchus | 4m.3 | 12m.5 | - | Nova recurrente (NR) | ||
BF Oph | Ophiuchus | 6m.93 | 7m.71 | 4.06775 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
α Ori (Betelgeuse) | Orión | John Herschel, 1840 | 0m.0 | 1m.3 | 6.39 años | Semirregular (SRC) | |
δ Ori (Mintaka) | Orión | John Herschel, 1834 | 2m.14 | 2m.26 | 5.73248 d | Algol (EA/DM) | |
R Ori | Orión | Hind, 1848 | 9m.05 | 13m.4 | 377 d | Mira (M) | |
S Ori | Orión | 7m.20 | 14m.0 | 414 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Ori | Orión | 4m.8 | 13m.0 | 368 d | Mira (M) | ||
W Ori | Orión | 8m.2 (p) | 12m.4 (p) | 212 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
VV Ori | Orión | 5m.31 | 5m.66 | 1.48538 d | Algol (EA/KE:) | ||
CK Ori | Orión | 5m.9 | 7m.1 | ~120 d | Semirregular (SR:) | ||
κ Pav | Pavo | 3m.91 | 4m.78 | 9.09423 d | Cefeida (CEP) | ||
S Pav | Pavo | 6m.6 | 10m.4 | 381 d | Semirregular (SRA) | ||
β Peg (Scheat) | Pegaso | Schmidt, 1847 | 2m.31 | 2m.74 | - | LB | |
R Peg | Pegaso | Hind, 1848 | 6m.9 | 13m.8 | 378 d | Mira (M) | |
X Peg | Pegaso | 8m.8 | 14m.4 | 201 d | Mira (M) | ||
β Per (Algol) | Perseo | Geminiano Montanari, 1669 | 2m.12 | 3m.39 | 2.86730 d | Algol (EA/SD) | Estrella del Diablo |
DY Persei | Perseo | DY Persei / R Coronae Borealis | |||||
φ Per | Perseo | 3m.96 | 4m.11 | 19.5 d | Gamma Cassiopeiae (GCAS) | ||
ρ Per (Gorgonea Tertia) | Perseo | 3m.30 | 4m.0 | ~50 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
S Per | Perseo | 7m.9 | 12m.0 | ~822 d | Semirregular (SRC) | ||
W Per | Perseo | 8m.7 | 11m.3 | ~485 d | Semirregular (SRC) | ||
X Per | Perseo | 6m.03 | 7m.0 | - | Gamma Cassiopeiae (GCAS+XP) | ||
ζ Phe | Phoenix | 3m.91 | 4m.42 | 1.66977 d | Algol (EA/DM) | ||
R Pic | Pictor | 6m.35 | 10m.1 | 171 d | Semirregular (SR) | ||
R Psc | Piscis | Hind, 1850 | 7m.0 | 14m.8 | 345 d | Mira (M) | |
Z Psc | Piscis | 8m.8 | 10m.1 | 144 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
TX Psc | Piscis | 4m.79 | 5m.20 | - | LB | ||
L2 Pup | Puppis | 2m.6 | 6m.2 | 141 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
RS Pup | Puppis | 6m.52 | 7m.67 | 41.3876 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
T Pyx | Pyxis | 7m.0 (B) | 15m.77 (B) | (20 años) | Nova recurrente (NR) | ||
S Scl | Sculptor | 5m.5 | 13m.6 | 363 d | Mira (M) | ||
RR Sco | Scorpius | 5m.0 | 12m.4 | 281 d | Mira (M) | ||
RS Sco | Scorpius | 6m.2 | 13m.0 | 320 d | Mira (M) | ||
RT Sco | Scorpius | 7m.0 | 15m.2 | 449 d | Mira (M) | ||
R Sct | Scutum | Pigott, 1795 | 4m.2 | 8m.6 | 146.5 d | Variable RV Tauri (RVA) | |
R Ser | Serpens | Harding, 1826 | 5m.16 | 14m.4 | 356 d | Mira (M) | |
S Ser | Serpens | Harding, 1828 | 7m.0 | 14m.1 | 372 d | Mira (M) | |
S Sge | Sagitta | 5m.24 | 6m.04 | 8.38209 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
U Sge | Sagitta | 6m.45 | 9m.28 | 3.38062 d | Algol (EA/SD) | ||
WZ Sge | Sagitta | 7m.0 (B) | 15m.53 (B) | (33 años) | Nova enana (UGSU+E+ZZ) | ||
R Sgr | Sagitario | 6m.7 | 12m.83 | 270 d | Mira (M) | ||
U Sgr | Sagitario(en M25) | 6m.28 | 7m.15 | 6.74523 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
W Sgr | Sagitario | 4m.29 | 5m.14 | 7.5950 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
X Sgr | Sagitario | 4m.24 | 4m.84 | 7.0128 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
Y Sgr | Sagitario | 5m.25 | 6m.24 | 5.7736 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
RR Sgr | Sagitario | 5m.4 | 14m.0 | 336 d | Mira (M) | ||
RT Sgr | Sagitario | 6m.0 | 14m.1 | 306 d | Mira (M) | ||
RU Sgr | Sagitario | 6m.0 | 13m.8 | 240 d | Mira (M) | ||
RY Sgr | Sagitario | 5m.8 | 14m.0 | - | R Coronae Borealis (RCB) | ||
VX Sgr | Sagitario | 6m.52 | 14m.0 | 732 d | Semirregular (SRC) | ||
V350 Sgr | Sagitario | 7m.08 | 7m.83 | 5.15424 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
λ Tau | Tauro | Baxendell, 1848 | 3m.37 | 3m.91 | 3.95295 d | Algol (EA/DM) | |
R Tau | Tauro | Hind, 1849 | 7m.6 | 15m.8 | 321 d | Mira (M) | |
T Tau | Tauro | 9m.3 | 13m.5 | - | Variable Orión (INT) | ||
Y Tau | Tauro | 6m.5 | 9m.2 | 241.5 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
SU Tau | Tauro | 9m.1 | 16m.86 | - | R Coronae Borealis (RCB) | ||
CE Tau (119 Tauri) | Tauro | 4m.23 | 4m.54 | 165 d | Semirregular (SRC) | ||
R Tri | Triangulum | 5m.4 | 12m.6 | 267 d | Mira (M) | ||
R UMa | Osa Mayor | 6m.5 | 13m.7 | 302 d | Mira (M) | ||
T UMa | Osa Mayor | 6m.6 | 13m.5 | 257 d | Mira (M) | ||
U UMa | Osa Mayor | 6m.20 | 6m.25 | - | - | ||
Z UMa | Osa Mayor | 6m.2 | 9m.4 | 196 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
α UMi (Polaris) | Ursa Minor | 1m.86 | 2m.13 | 3.9696 d | Cefeida (DCEPS) | ||
RR UMi | Ursa Minor | 4m.53 | 4m.73 | 43.3 d | Semirregular (SRB) | ||
R Vir | Virgo | Harding, 1809 | 6m.1 | 12m.1 | 146 d | Mira (M) | |
S Vir | Virgo | 6m.3 | 13m.2 | 375 d | Mira (M) | ||
T Vir | Virgo | Bogulawski, 1849 | 9m.0 | 14m.8 | 339 d | Mira (M) | |
U Vir | Virgo | Harding, 1831 | 7m.4 | 13m.5 | 207 d | Mira (M) | |
W Vir | Virgo | 9m.46 | 10m.75 | 17.2736 d | prototipo CWA (W Virginis) | ||
RU Vir | Virgo | Arthur Roy, 1897 | 9m.0 | 14m.2 | 433 d | Mira (M) | |
SS Vir | Virgo | 6m.0 | 9m.6 | 364 d | Semirregular (SRA) | ||
R Vul | Vulpecula | 7m.0 | 14m.3 | 137 d | Mira (M) | ||
S Vul | Vulpecula | Rogerson, 1837 | 8m.69 | 9m.42 | 68.464 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | |
U Vul | Vulpecula | 6m.73 | 7m.54 | 7.99068 d | Cefeida (DCEP) | ||
Z Vul | Vulpecula | 7m.25 | 8m.90 | 2.45493 d | Algol (EA/SD) |
*Si no está especificada, la magnitud es visual / (B) = azul / p = fotográfica
Referencias
[editar]- David H. Levy, Observing variable stars : a guide for the beginner
- General Catalogue of Variable Stars