Varroa destructor

Varroa mite
	Varroa destructor adult female in dorsal (top) and ventral (lower) views
Klasifikasi ilmiah

Varroa destructor adalah tungau parasit eksternal yang menyerang dan memakan lebah madu dan merupakan salah satu hama lebah madu yang paling merusak di dunia.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Referensi

^ Zakar, E.; Jávor, A.; Kusza, Sz. (August 2014). "Genetic bases of tolerance to Varroa destructor in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)". Insectes Sociaux. 61 (3): 207–215. doi:10.1007/s00040-014-0347-5.
^ Onstad, David, ed. (2008). Insect resistance management: biology, economics and prediction (edisi ke-1.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Acad. Press. hlm. 157. ISBN 978-0-12-373858-5.
^ Rosenkranz, Peter; Aumeier, Pia; Ziegelmann, Bettina (January 2010). "Biology and control of Varroa destructor". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 103: S96–S119. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2009.07.016. PMID 19909970.
^ Ramsey, Samuel D.; Ochoa, Ronald; Bauchan, Gary; Gulbronson, Connor; Mowery, Joseph D.; Cohen, Allen; Lim, David; Joklik, Judith; Cicero, Joseph M.; Ellis, James D.; Hawthorne, David; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis (29 January 2019). "Varroa destructor feeds primarily on honey bee fat body tissue and not hemolymph". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (5): 1792–1801. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.1792R. doi:10.1073/pnas.1818371116 . PMC 6358713 . PMID 30647116.
^ Goulson, D.; Nicholls, E.; Botias, C.; Rotheray, E. L. (26 February 2015). "Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, pesticides, and lack of flowers" (PDF). Science. 347 (6229): 1255957. doi:10.1126/science.1255957. PMID 25721506.

[Zakar2014-1] Zakar, E.; Jávor, A.; Kusza, Sz. (August 2014). "Genetic bases of tolerance to Varroa destructor in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)". Insectes Sociaux. 61 (3): 207–215. doi:10.1007/s00040-014-0347-5.

[2] Onstad, David, ed. (2008). Insect resistance management: biology, economics and prediction (edisi ke-1.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Acad. Press. hlm. 157. ISBN 978-0-12-373858-5.

[Rosenkranz-3] Rosenkranz, Peter; Aumeier, Pia; Ziegelmann, Bettina (January 2010). "Biology and control of Varroa destructor". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 103: S96–S119. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2009.07.016. PMID 19909970.

[vanEngelsdorp_1792–1801-4] Ramsey, Samuel D.; Ochoa, Ronald; Bauchan, Gary; Gulbronson, Connor; Mowery, Joseph D.; Cohen, Allen; Lim, David; Joklik, Judith; Cicero, Joseph M.; Ellis, James D.; Hawthorne, David; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis (29 January 2019). "Varroa destructor feeds primarily on honey bee fat body tissue and not hemolymph". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (5): 1792–1801. Bibcode:2019PNAS..116.1792R. doi:10.1073/pnas.1818371116 . PMC 6358713 . PMID 30647116.

[5] Goulson, D.; Nicholls, E.; Botias, C.; Rotheray, E. L. (26 February 2015). "Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, pesticides, and lack of flowers" (PDF). Science. 347 (6229): 1255957. doi:10.1126/science.1255957. PMID 25721506.

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