Wahiti
Mandhari
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Wahiti walikuwa wakazi wa Anatolia (leo nchini Uturuki) ambao mwaka 1600 KK hivi walianzisha dola lenye makao makuu huko Hattusa.
Dola lilifikia kilele cha ustawi wake katikati ya karne ya 14 KK walipotawala sehemu kubwa ya Uturuki wa leo pamoja na Siria, Lebanoni na Iraq kaskazini.
Kijeshi walifaidika sana na matumizi ya magari ya vita ya kukokotwa na farasi.
Baada ya mwaka 1180 KK hivi dola lilisambaratika.
Lugha yao ilikuwa mojawapo ya lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya.
Katika Biblia wanazungumziwa mara kadhaa wakiwa na uhusiano mwema na Waisraeli.
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Akurgal, Ekrem (2001) The Hattian and Hittite Civilizations, Publications of the Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture, ISBN 975-17-2756-1
- Bryce, Trevor R. (2002) Life and Society in the Hittite World, Oxford.
- Bryce, Trevor R. (1999) The Kingdom of the Hittites, Oxford.
- Ceram, C. W. (2001) The Secret of the Hittites: The Discovery of an Ancient Empire. Phoenix Press, ISBN 1-84212-295-9.
- Güterbock, Hans Gustav (1983) “Hittite Historiography: A Survey,” in H. Tadmor and M. Weinfeld eds. History, Historiography and Interpretation: Studies in Biblical and Cuneiform Literatures, Magnes Press, Hebrew University pp. 21–35.
- Macqueen, J. G. (1986) The Hittites, and Their Contemporaries in Asia Minor, revised and enlarged, Ancient Peoples and Places series (ed. G. Daniel), Thames and Hudson, ISBN 0-500-02108-2.
- Mendenhall, George E. (1973) The Tenth Generation: The Origins of the Biblical Tradition, The Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0-8018-1654-8.
- Neu, Erich (1974) Der Anitta Text, (StBoT 18), Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden.
- Orlin, Louis L. (1970) Assyrian Colonies in Cappadocia, Mouton, The Hague.
- Hoffner, Jr., H.A (1973) “The Hittites and Hurrians,” in D. J. Wiseman Peoples of the Old Testament Times, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- Gurney, O.R. (1952) The Hittites, Penguin, ISBN 0-14-020259-5
- Kloekhorst, Alwin (2007), Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon, ISBN 978-90-04-16092-7
- Patri, Sylvain (2007), L'alignement syntaxique dans les langues indo-européennes d'Anatolie, (StBoT 49), Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, ISBN 978-3-447-05612-0
- Bryce, Trevor R. (1998). The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford. (Also: 2005 hard and softcover editions with much new material)
- Jacques Freu et Michel Mazoyer, Des origines à la fin de l'ancien royaume hittite, Les Hittites et leur histoire Tome 1, Collection Kubaba, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2007 ;
- Jacques Freu et Michel Mazoyer, Les débuts du nouvel empire hittite, Les Hittites et leur histoire Tome 2, Collection Kubaba, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2007 ;
- Jacques Freu et Michel Mazoyer, L'apogée du nouvel empire hittite, Les Hittites et leur histoire Tome 3, Collection Kubaba, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2008.
- Jacques Freu et Michel Mazoyer, Le déclin et la chute de l'empire Hittite, Les Hittites et leur histoire Tome 4, Collection Kubaba, L'Harmattan, Paris 2010.
- Jacques Freu et Michel Mazoyer, Les royaumes Néo-Hittites, Les Hittites et leur histoire Tome 5, Collection Kubaba, L'Harmattan, Paris 2012.
Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Video lecture at Oriental Institute – Tracking the Frontiers of the Hittite Empire Archived 11 Aprili 2014 at the Wayback Machine.
- Hattusas/Bogazköy Archived 30 Juni 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
- Arzawa, to the west, throws light on Hittites Archived 2 Februari 2004 at the Wayback Machine.
- Pictures of Boğazköy, one of a group of important sites
- Pictures of Yazılıkaya, one of a group of important sites
- Der Anitta Text (at TITUS)
- Tahsin Ozguc Archived 1 Machi 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
- Hittites.info
- Hittite Period in Anatolia
- Hethitologieportal Mainz, by the Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mainz, corpus of texts and extensive bibliographies on all things Hittite
- hittites area in cappadocia Archived 21 Mei 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
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