早期投票

早期投票（英語：Early voting，也称作advance polling或pre-poll voting，也可译作提前投票或预先投票）是一种便捷的投票程序，使选民在公共选举中可以在预定的投票日前进行投票。早期投票可以远程进行，如通过邮政投递等方式，也可以亲自投票，通常会在指定的投票站进行。早期投票的时间和期限因选举类型而异，目的通常是为了增加选民参与度，并减轻投票日当天的拥挤状况。

早期投票面向的对象主要有选举期间预定将离开投票区的人、民意调查人员、竞选工作人员，在选举日进行医疗程序的人员，以及宗教信仰人群等等。

早期投票的人群在近年来有所增加，并且无条件（无借口）的早期投票也不断扩大，一些批评家认为此举损害了民主程序。^[1]^[2]^[3]

美国

早期投票类似于“无故缺席”投票。^[4]在许多美国州，早期投票期间在四至五十天不等。^[5]33个州和哥伦比亚特区，允许在没有任何理由情况下亲自参加早期投票，28个州和哥伦比亚特区允许无理由的通过邮寄方式参加早期投票。^[6]

美国总统大选中的早期投票
年份	投票率	来源
2016年美國總統選舉	36.6%	^[7]
2012年美國總統選舉	31.6%	^[8]
2008年美國總統選舉	30.6%	^[9]
2004年美國總統選舉	22%
2000年美國總統選舉	16%	^[10]
1992年美國總統選舉	7%	^[9]

参考条目

参考来源

^ Does Early Voting Damage Democracy?. The Week. September 25, 2012.
^ The Case Against Early Voting. PoliticoMagazine. January 28, 2014.
^ Jacoby, Jeff. "Vote Early, Vote Foolish." Townhall. March 15, 2016. Archive.is的存檔，存档日期November 3, 2016，
^ Desilver, Drew; Geiger, Abigail. For many Americans, Election Day is already here. www.pewresearch.org. Pew Research Center. [17 February 2017].
^ White, Daniel. These Are the States That Allow You to Vote Early. www.time.com. Time Magazine. [17 February 2017].
^ Absentee and Early Voting. National Conference of State Legislatures.
^ http://www.electproject.org/early_2016
^ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-p-mcdonald/a-modest-early-voting-ris_b_3430379.html
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Michael McDonald. (Nearly) Final 2008 Early Voting Statistics. Department of Public and International Affairs, George Mason University. 2010-05-01 [2012-10-30]. （原始内容存档于July 30, 2012）.
^ "A third of electorate could vote before Nov. 4" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2008-09-25.. By Stephen Ohlemacher and Julie Pace. Sep 21, 2008. Associated Press. Article copies: [1] [2].

外部链接

Early+voting, Core.ac.uk, 开放获取的研究文章

[1] Does Early Voting Damage Democracy?. The Week. September 25, 2012.

[2] The Case Against Early Voting. PoliticoMagazine. January 28, 2014.

[3] Jacoby, Jeff. "Vote Early, Vote Foolish." Townhall. March 15, 2016. Archive.is的存檔，存档日期November 3, 2016，

[4] Desilver, Drew; Geiger, Abigail. For many Americans, Election Day is already here. www.pewresearch.org. Pew Research Center. [17 February 2017].

[5] White, Daniel. These Are the States That Allow You to Vote Early. www.time.com. Time Magazine. [17 February 2017].

[ncsl-ae-6] Absentee and Early Voting. National Conference of State Legislatures.

[7] ttps://www.electproject.org/early_2016

[8] ttps://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-p-mcdonald/a-modest-early-voting-ris_b_3430379.html

[gmu-evs-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Michael McDonald. (Nearly) Final 2008 Early Voting Statistics. Department of Public and International Affairs, George Mason University. 2010-05-01 [2012-10-30]. （原始内容存档于July 30, 2012）.

[ap2008sep21-10] "A third of electorate could vote before Nov. 4" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2008-09-25.. By Stephen Ohlemacher and Julie Pace. Sep 21, 2008. Associated Press. Article copies: [1] [2].

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