惜

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惜 U+60DC, 惜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60DC
← 惛
[U+60DB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 惝 →
[U+60DD]

Translingual

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Han character

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惜 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 心廿日 (PTA), four-corner 94061, composition ⿰忄昔)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 391, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10814
  • Dae Jaweon: page 725, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2313, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+60DC

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 惜
alternative forms 錫／锡 (sek3) Cantonese
𡃶 (sek3) Cantonese

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 惜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (昔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
借 *ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ
唶 *ʔsjaːɡs
藉 *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ
躤 *zjaːɡs
蜡 *zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs
齰 *zraːɡs, *zraːɡ
醋 *sʰaːɡs
錯 *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
措 *sʰaːɡs
厝 *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
逪 *sʰaːɡ
剒 *sʰaːɡ
鵲 *sʰaɡ
碏 *sʰaɡ
踖 *sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
趞 *sʰaɡ
皵 *sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ
舄 *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ
斮 *ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
簎 *zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ
諎 *ʔsraːɡ
矠 *sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ
庴 *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
籍 *zjaːɡ
耤 *zjaːɡ
猎 *zjaːɡ
昔 *sjaːɡ
惜 *sjaːɡ
腊 *sjaːɡ
焟 *sjaːɡ
棤 *sjaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sjaːɡ) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ) – a feeling (of the heart).

Note that 昔 has meaning of “past, ending”, hence connotations of “feelings for the past, feeling about an ending – regret, rue”.

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sik1 - literary (all senses except “to kiss”);
  • sek3 - vernacular (“to kiss; to cherish”).
Note:
  • Sixian:
    • siak - vernacular;
    • sit - literary.
  • Meixian:
    • xiag5 - vernacular;
    • xid5 - literary.
Note:
  • sioh - vernacular (“to cherish; to begrudge; to take into consideration”);
  • sek/siak - literary.
Note:
  • sioh4 - Shantou;
  • siêh4 - Chaozhou.
    Rime
    Character 惜
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 昔 (123)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 思積切
    Baxter sjek
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/siᴇk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɛk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siæk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/siajk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/siɛk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭɛk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ɛk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sik1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 惜
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xī
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjek ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]Ak/
    English regret; alas

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 惜
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13310
    Phonetic
    component         		昔
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		昔
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sjaːɡ/

    Definitions

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    惜

    1. to have pity on; to regret; to feel sorry for
      痛惜  ―  tòngxī  ―  to deeply regret
    2. to cherish; to adore; to value greatly; to love dearly
      珍惜  ―  zhēnxī  ―  to treasure
      我阿哥好錫佢個女㗎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      我阿哥好锡佢个女㗎。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 aa3 go1 hou2 sek3 keoi5 go3 neoi5-2 gaa3. [Jyutping]
      My elder brother loves his daughter dearly.
      錫住嚟用／锡住嚟用 [Cantonese]  ―  sek3 zyu6 lai4 jung6 [Jyutping]  ―  to use with care
    3. to begrudge; to grudge; to spare; to stint
    4. (Cantonese) to kiss
      媽媽錫咗BB一啖。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      妈妈锡咗BB一啖。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      maa1-4 maa1 sek3 zo2 bi4 bi1 jat1 daam6. [Jyutping]
      The mother gave the baby a kiss.
    5. (Mainland China Hokkien) to take into consideration; to take into account; to give consideration to

    Synonyms

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    Dialectal synonyms of 疼 (“to love; to be fond of; to dote on”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 疼1, 疼愛, 疼惜
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 疼1
    Malaysia 疼
    Singapore 疼1
    Cantonese Guangzhou 惜
    Hong Kong 惜
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 矜
    Macau 惜
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 惜, 痛
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 惜
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 赤
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 嬌
    Foshan 惜
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 奇異
    Foshan (Shunde) 痛, 種
    Foshan (Sanshui) 痛惜
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 痛惜
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 惜
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 惜
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 赤
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 恨
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 赤
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 惜
    Taishan 恨
    Kaiping (Chikan) 恨
    Enping (Niujiang) 恨
    Heshan (Yayao) 痛惜
    Dongguan 敬
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 敬
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 惜, 沙央
    Singapore (Guangfu) 惜
    Hakka Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 惜
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 惜
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 惜
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 惜
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 惜
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 惜
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 惜
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 惜
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 惜
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 惜
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 惜
    Senai (Huiyang) 沙央
    Kuching (Hepo) 惜
    Southern Min Xiamen 疼2, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Quanzhou 疼2, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Zhangzhou 疼2, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Tainan 疼2, 惜, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Penang (Hokkien) 疼2, 惜, 沙央
    Singapore (Hokkien) 疼2, 惜, 沙央
    Manila (Hokkien) 疼2
    Jieyang 惜
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 惜
    Singapore (Teochew) 惜
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 惜
    Wu Ningbo 值鈿
    Dialectal synonyms of 吻 (“to kiss”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 吻, 親, 親吻
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 吻, 親
    Taiwan 吻, 親
    Singapore 吻, 親
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 親
    Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 親
    Xi'an 親
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 親
    Cantonese Guangzhou 惜, 啜, 痛
    Hong Kong 惜, 啜, 嘴
    Taishan 啜
    Dongguan 啜
    Singapore (Guangfu) 惜
    Hakka Meixian 唚
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 唚
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 唚
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 唚
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 唚
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 唚
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 唚
    Jin Taiyuan 親
    Xinzhou 親
    Northern Min Jian'ou 蜜
    Songxi 鼻
    Zhenghe 蜜
    Jianyang 蜜
    Wuyishan 敕
    Pucheng (Shibei) 鼻
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 唚
    Southern Min Xiamen 唚
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 唚
    Quanzhou 唚
    Shishi 唚
    Zhangzhou 唚
    Tainan 唚
    Penang (Hokkien) 唚
    Singapore (Hokkien) 唚
    Manila (Hokkien) 唚
    Chaozhou 唚
    Shantou 唚
    Singapore (Teochew) 唚
    Haikou 惜
    Wu Shanghai 香, 親
    Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) 香
    Shanghai (Chongming) 香
    Suzhou 香
    Hangzhou 香
    Ningbo 親
    edit

    Compounds

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    Descendants

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    • → Vietnamese: tiếc (“to regret”)

    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    惜

    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. to feel regret, to find something a pity
    2. to cherish

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Compounds

    Definitions

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    Kanji in this term
    惜
    あたら
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 惜 – see the following entry.
    【可惜あたら】
    [adverb] (archaic) regrettably; to my great regret
    [adverb] (archaic) unfortunately
    [adverb] (archaic) tragically
    [interjection] alas!
    Alternative spelling
    あったら
    (This term, 惜, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Korean

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    Etymology

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation

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    Hanja

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    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    惜 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    惜: Hán Nôm readings: tiếc, tích

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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